الفهرس 
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Abstract
Under nutrition is associated with at least 35% of children`s death, it is serious and growing health problem all over the world. The effect of childhood poor nutrition continue throughout the life, contributing to poor school performance, reduced productivity, and impaired intellectual and social development.
Nowadays, undernutrition becomes the concern both to developed and developing countries as it continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. The effects of undernutrition, in all its forms, impact upon the social, economic and cultural development of societies and nations.
Egypt has the highest recorded prevalence of undernutrition (stunting, wasting, underweight estimated that 21%, 8%, 6% respectively). Hence, the present study aimed to identify the factors associated with undernutrition among under five children attending primary health care settings in Alexandria.
A descriptive design was adopted to carry out the study. It had been carried out in eight primary health care settings. One primary health care setting was randomly selected from each health zones affiliated to Alexandria governorate (Alexandria governorate is divided into eight health zones namely; El- Montazah (Al-Amrawy Family Health Center), East (Abes (2) Family Health Center), Middle (Maharam Back MCH Center), West (Al-Kabbary Family Health Center), El-Gomrok (Al- Gomork Family Health Center), El-America (Al Amria Family Health Center), El- Agamy (Al-Hanoveel Family Health Center), and Borg EL-Arab (Borg – El arab Family Health Center)).
The present study sample included a total of 400 children (200 males & 200 females), 50 under five children (25 boys and 25 girls) was selected randomly from each of the previously selected primary health care settings and their mothers, by using the equal allocation method.
Tools of the Study
Two tools were used in this study; Tool (I): Children and their mothers’ basic data structured interview schedule, it composes 3 parts: 1st part: Personal and socio-demographic characteristics of the children and their families, 2nd part Health profile of children and their mothers, and 3rd part: Nutritional status of the children. Tool (II): World Health Organization (WHO) Growth chart.
Tool (I) was tested for validity and reliability. Approvals were obtained for conducting the study at the specified settings. A pilot study was carried on 40 patients to test the developed tool. The study was conducted in a period of 4 months (from June to October 2015). Data was collected by the researcher then appropriate descriptive and analytical statistics were carried out.