الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate of the soft tissue profile and dentoskeletal changes achieved with the R-appliance in the treatment of Class II division 1 patients. In this study, fourteen child patients (8 female and 6 males) with age ranged from 8-12(mean age of 10.4, ±1.35 SD) years were selected to participate in this prospective clinical trial. Lateral cephalograms were taken and analyzed before and after the treatment to evaluate the efficacy of the appliance. The construction bite was taken with maxillary and mandibular incisors teeth in an edge to edge relation by exacto-bite. Any over wax bite covering the buccal surfaces of the teeth was eliminated to allow the models to posture correctly in the construction bite. Then upper and lower working casts and exacto bite were sent to the lab to construct the R-appliance. After correction of class II division 1 malocclusion, the post records were taken and analyzed to evaluate the dental and skeletal changes. The data analyzed showed that the mandible anterior forward was corrected significantly by about 3.4 degree that in turn caused auto-rotation of the mandible that resulted in class II division 1 correction. So, from the results of the present study, the followings can be concluded: - Class II division 1 malocclusion was corrected efficiently by forward movement of the mandible by using R- functional appliance. - In Comparison R-appliance with most functional appliances, the R-appliance did not cause any labial tipping of mandibular anterior teeth. - R-appliance improved both soft tissue and dentoskeletal structures in all the participating patients, where greater advancement of soft tissue pogonion and lower lip were observed.