الفهرس 
Storage tanks.
Literature Review .Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Floating roofs tanks are widely used to store petroleum products with high and moderate volatility to prevent product loss and to insure safe environment around the storage tanks. However, small number of studies are previously accomplished– especially in the Arab region - to study the design of the floating roof and risks that it face during operation. In an effort to investigate the behavior of the floating roof during operation, three studies are going to be summarized.
First study is a comparative study of the stress and deflection analyses of deck plate of the floating roofs under the load of accumulated rainfall. In this comparative study, five different loads on the deck plate are applied by using three different analysis methods to study the deflection and stresses. First method is using the equations of stresses and deformations on thin plates. Second method is a numerical nonlinear finite element analysis by applying the load gradually and study the effect of the large displacement on the material behavior in deformation and stress, Third method is the numerical application of linear finite element analysis by applying full load on the deck without consideration of the large deflection effect on the material. The results show that the nonlinear finite element analysis is the most accurate and applicable to use in the design of the floating roof deck, since it simulate the exact loading cases that happen in reality, however using Roark’s Formulas gives higher results but it can be used as reliable and fast method in the analysis of the deck plate.
Second study is the buoyancy analyses of the floating roofs with punctured pontoons. In this study, three cases are used to analyze the buoyancy of the floating roof in each case. First case is to study the buoyancy of the floating roof with the puncture of the deck plate and one pontoon. Second case is study the buoyancy of the floating roof with the puncture of the deck plate and two pontoons and third case is to study the buoyancy of the floating roof with the puncture of the deck plate and three pontoons. The methodologies of these study is by calculating the center of gravity and moment of inertia of the floating roof in each case and determines the submergence height due to weight and tilt and insure that the floating roof will keep float under each case. The results show that the floating roof will remain floating after the puncture of two adjacent pontoons and deck plate according to the design of the physical model but it will sink if the number of punctured pontoons is increased to three.
Third study is CFD analysis of solar radiation on a Gasoline tank in Cairo in 31 July, which supposed to be the hottest time of the weather in the year. The analysis is repeated under corrosion condition to study the effect of the corrosion on the fluid temperature.
The methodologies of our study is by using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis to measure the temperature of the Gasoline along the 1 hour of the study and then calculate the vapor losses by the charts provided by Perry’s Chemical Engineering Handbook. The results show that the surface temperature of gasoline increase from 45.6 °C to 54 °C and vaporization increase from 7% to 10% due to decrease of deck plate thickness from 8 mm to 5 mm which caused by corrosion on surface. This study recommended not using external floating single roof to store gasoline in hot regions as Arabian Gulf and Egypt unless the thickness of deck plate is +10 mm and with Anti-corrosion coating. However it is better to use internal floating roof for more safety and to decrease the losses of evaporation.