الفهرس 
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Abstract
characterized by inappropriate hyperglycemia that results in chronic microvascular, macrovascular and/or neuropathic disease. It is classified into 4 classes: type I, type II, GDM and other specific types due to other causes (e.g. genetic defects in B-cell function).PON is a serum esterase synthesized in the liver. It is a Ca+2 dependent glycoprotein. It is associated with Apo A-I on HDL-c through hydrophobic region at its amino terminus.PON is principally responsible for the breakdown of lipid peroxides before they accumulate on LDL-c.
The present study is carried out to investigate paraoxonase activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (with and without vascular complications) and healthy subjects. The present study was conducted on 90 subjects. They were classified into the following groups:1.Control group (group I) 30 subjects.2.Type 2 diabetics without vascular complications (group II) 30 subjects.3.Type 2 diabetics with vascular complications (group III) 30 subjects.All the studied individuals were subjected to full history taking and clinical examination.The results of the present study revealed:•Significant increase in serum basal PON activity and serum basal PON activity/HDL-c ratio in group I in•Significant positive correlation in group I, group II and group III between serum basal PON activity and serum basal PON activity/HDL-c ratio.
•Significant positive correlation in group I and group II between serum basal PON activity and serum HDL-c level•Significant positive correlation in group II between serum basal PON activity and serum cholesterol level.
•Significant negative correlation in group II between serum basal PON activity/HDL-c ratio and HbAlc and between serum basal PON activity and HbAlc.Significant negative correlation in group III between serum basal PON activity and triglycerides.
•Significant negative correlation in group III between serum basal PON activity/HDL and: age OR serum HDL-c level.In conclusion, the results of the present study in keeping with evidences from literature revealed that paraoxonase enzyme activity decreases in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 either with or without vascular complications and they have greater risk of premature atherogenesis due to decreased HDL-c antioxidant capacity.