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Abstract In regions, which suffer from water shortage or potenial water shortage like the middle east, water policies and different mitigation measures are formulated. Egypt is one of the states in the Middle east that have a potential water shortage. different water management water policies and stratiges have been applied in Egypt over time. During the past water sufficiency periods, supply management (construction of dams, water distribution networks, etc.) has been applied. The continuous rise in population and consequently increasing demand for food and drinking water together with the fixed supply of water, have stimulated the need for water demand management policies. WDM policies include - among other things - tools to enhance water effecincy use in the agriculutral sector. This induces some economics to study the concepts of ”virtual water” and ”water footprint” in the process of rationalizig the use of water in the agricultural sector. |