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Abstract Two pot experiments were carried out during the two successive autumn seasons of 2013 and 2014 in a private farm in Abou Ghalib region, Giza governorate to investigate the effects of using two different nano materials namely nano calcium and nano silicon to alleviate the effect of different salinity levels on the growth and yield of green bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) cv. Pulista under sand soil conditions. The important obtained results could be summaries as following: 1- Effect of saline water irrigation: Saline water irrigation at 500 ppm gave the tallest plant height, but the shortest value of plant height recorded with that plants which irrigated with that water contained the highest salinity level 1500 ppm. The heaviest fresh and dry weight of whole plants recorded with plants irrigated with 500 ppm, while the lowest fresh and dry weight was found with those plants which irrigated with the highest salinity levels (1500 ppm). The widest leaf area was associated with that plants irrigated with the lowest salinity level, i.e. 500 ppm, but the plants which irrigated by water contains 1500 ppm gave the lowest leaf area. The greatest leaves numbers per plant were obtained by irrigation with salinity level of 500 ppm; while the lowest leaves number/ plant was found when plants irrigated with the highest salinity level (1500 ppm). The highest chlorophyll content was estimated with that plants which irrigated with water contained the lowest salinity level i.e. 500 ppm, while the lowest chlorophyll content was found when plants irrigated with the highest salinity level (1500 ppm). Increasing salinity level from 500, 1000 up to 1500 ppm reduced significantly the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in green bean leaves Increasing salinity levels from 500, 1000 up to 1500 ppm increased significantly the percentage of sodium and proline in green bean leaves. Saline water irrigation of 500 ppm gave the highest percent of silicon in green bean leaves, while the least percent of silicon was obtained at 1500 ppm saline water. Increasing salinity levels more than 500 ppm the total pods yield, marketable yield, pod length and pod diameter significantly decreased to reach its minimum when plants irrigated with water contained 1500 ppm. The heaviest unmarketable pod was obtained with using irrigation water contained 1500 ppm, while the lowest unmarketable yield resulted with using irrigation water contained the lowest salinity level (500 ppm). Increasing salinity level from 500, 1000 up to 1500 ppm reduced significantly the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in green bean pods. Increasing salinity levels from 500, 1000 up to 1500 ppm increased significantly the percentage of sodium and fiber in green bean pods. 2- Effect of nano elements: The tallest green bean plants were measured with that plants supplied the nano Ca at higher concentration, i.e. 1g/L., while the shortest plants were with that control ones. The supplement nano Ca at higher rate (1.0 g/L) gained the heaviest fresh and dry weight of plant, followed in descending order by that plants which received nano Si at rate of 2.0 cm3/L. The significant widest leaf area was measured with that plants supplied nano Ca at higher rate (1.0 g/L). While the narrowest leaf area was registered with control treatment. The highest leaves number per green bean plants was resulted from that plants with retreated with nano Ca at higher rate, i.e. 1g/L, but the lowest leaves number were recorded with that of control treatment. The highest total chlorophyll content were measured with that plants supplied the nano Ca at higher concentration, i.e. 1g/L. compared with all treatments. Using the high rate of nano Ca (1g /L) gained the highest nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium content in green bean leaves, while that control treatment registered the lowest percentages for the previous elements. The least sodium and proline contents of leaf tissues were recorded with the supplement Ca at higher rate, i.e. 1.0 g/L, compared with the control which gave the highest contents of sodium and proline. The maximum increments of silicon percent were obtained with applying the nano silicon at rate of 2 cm3/l. as compared with the other treatments, while the least value of silicon percentage in green beans leaves were obtained by that plants which no nano material treated. The highest total pods yield, marketable yield, pod length and pod diameter were recorded with that plants treated with nano calcium at 1.0 g/L., followed in decreasing order by nano silicon at 2.0 cm3/L. The unmarketable yield decrease to its minimum value when nano Ca at 1.0 g/L. used, but the highest unmarketable pods weight produced with control treatment (without nano elements). Using the high rate of nano Ca (1g /L) gained the highest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in pods, while that control treatment registered the lowest percentages for the previous elements. The least sodium and fiber contents of pods were recorded with the supplement Ca at higher rate, i.e. 1.0 g/L, compared with the control which gave the highest contents of sodium and fiber. Effect of interactions: The tallest green bean plants was showed with plants which irrigated with the lowest salinity level (500 ppm) and treated with nano Ca at higher rate (1g/L), while the shortest plants were noticed with that plants irrigated with the highest salinity level (1500 ppm) and no nano elements reserved (control). The heaviest fresh and dry weight of green bean plant was with plants which irrigated water contained 500 ppm and supplemented with nano Ca at 1.0 g/L, while the lowest fresh and dry weight was gave with that plants irrigated with the highest salinity levels (1500 ppm) and without receiving the nano elements. The biggest leaf area was noticed with plants which irrigated with the lowest salinity level (500 ppm) and supplied nano Ca at 1.0 g/L, while the smallest leaf area was detected with that plants irrigated with saline water contained 1500 ppm without supplying nano elements. The highest leaves number / plant was given with plants which supplied nano Ca at rate of 1g/L when irrigated with 500 ppm saline water, but the lowest leaves number / plant were correlated with that plants irrigated with the highest salinity level, i.e. 1500 ppm and no supplied nano elements treatment (control). The highest value of total chlorophyll content recorded with that plants which irrigated by the lowest salinity level, i.e. 500 ppm and treated with nano Ca at higher rate (1.0 g/L). While the lowest total chlorophyll content recorded with that plants irrigated with the highest salinity levels, i.e. 1500 ppm and no treated with nano compounds. The highest nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium percentages in green bean leaves recorded with that plants irrigated with the lowest salinity level (500 ppm) and treated with nano Ca at rate of 1.0 g/L, while the least percentages were obtained with that plants irrigated with the highest salinity level (1500ppm) without nano material application. The highest sodium and proline contents in green bean leaves were noticed with that plants which irrigated with the highest salinity levels, i.e. 1500 ppm and without supplied nano materials, while the lowest sodium and proline values were recorded with that plants irrigated with the lowest salinity levels, i.e. 500 ppm and treated with nano Ca at higher rate (1.0 g/L). The highest silicon percentage in leaf tissue were resulted from that plants irrigated with the lowest saline water concentration (500 ppm) and treated with silicon at higher rate (2.0 cm3/L), while the lowest silicon percentage was recorded with that plants irrigated with the highest salinity level (1500 ppm) but no nano materials received. The heaviest total pods yield, marketable yield, pod length and pod diameter gained from that plants which irrigated with the lowest salinity value (500 ppm) and treated with nano Ca at rate of 1.0 g/L. While the lowest pods yield and marketable yield were noticed with that plants received its irrigation water contained the highest salinity level (1500 ppm) without nano elements treatment (control). The highest unmarketable pods yield produced from that plants irrigated with the highest salinity level (1500 ppm) and without nano material used, while the lowest unmarketable yield was registered with that plants received its irrigation water contained 500 ppm with the application of nano Ca at rate of 1.0 g/L. The highest nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in pods recorded with that plants irrigated with the lowest salinity level (500 ppm) and treated with nano Ca at rate of 1.0 g/L, while the least percentages were obtained with that plants irrigated with the highest salinity level (1500ppm) without nano material application. The highest sodium and fiber contents in pods were noticed with that plants which irrigated with the highest salinity levels, i.e. 1500 ppm and without supplied nano materials, while the lowest sodium and fiber values were recorded with that plants irrigated with the lowest salinity levels, i.e. 500 ppm and treated with nano Ca at higher rate (1.0 g/L). |