الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan organism occurring in domestic animals and man throughout the world. Human acquired infection by ingestion of undercooked meat infected with oocystes. The clinical illness seldom results but, congenital infection as a cause of reproductive disorders has been recognized for some time.The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of T. gondii in sheep, goat, quail and aborted women in Sohag Governorate in Egypt.The study was included 144 samples collected from 48 ewes (three samples from each ewe including serum, whole blood and milk ) , 267 samples were collected randomly from 89 goats ( 3 samples from each goat including serum ,whole blood and milk) from different villages in Sohag Governorate, Egypt, a total of 90 samples were collected from 30 quail (3 samples were taken from each quail including liver, brain and lung ) for histopathological examination and 184 samples were collected randomly from 92 aborted women (2 samples from each women including serum and whole blood ).
In this study the occurrence of T. gondii by using ELISA test in sheep was one (2.1%) for IgM but no Toxoplasma IgG was detected , the occurrence in goat was three (3.4%) including two (2.2%) for IgG and one (1.1% ) for IgM.
The prevalence in quail was 3/30(10%) including 2(6.7%) liver , 2(6.7%) lung and 1(3.3%) brain by histopathological examination .
In human the seroprevalence of T. gondii by using ELISA test was 45 (48.9%) with 35 (38 %) for IgG , 5(5.4%) for IgM and 5(5.4%) for both IgG & IgM.
According to age, T. gondii was higher in the age group of 18 to 20 years 4(57.1%) followed by age group ≥ 30 years 10(55.6%) and finally 21 to 29 years 31(46.3%). Of the investigated women samples it was found that the prevalence of T. gondii according to the number of abortion was 19(51.4%) for first time , 16( 51.6%) for second time , 5(45.6%) for third time , 4(40%) for fourth time and 1(33.3%) for fifth abortion time . The study revealed that the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in rural areas was 29 (50%) higher than that present in urban areas 16 (47.1%).
Real- time PCR was done in positive ELISA samples including 2 sheep samples (one milk and one whole blood samples) , three goat samples ( two milk and one whole blood samples) and 10 human whole blood samples but all the samples were negative .The obtained results were analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) and the Significances of the results were evaluated by Chi-Square ( χ²).