الفهرس 
AbestractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 208 |  |  |
| | | from | 208 | | |
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary science dealing with various aspects of research and technology at nanolevel. Nanoparticles range from 1 to 100nm, which form building blocks of nanotechnology. Metal nanoparticles such as gold, silver, selenium and zinc have gained considerable attention in recent times due to their fundamental and technological interest.
These nanoparticles have unique catalytic, electronic and optical properties different from the metallic particles. Usually, the nanoparticles can be synthesized by physical, chemical and biological methods. The physical and chemical methods involve the use of strong chemical reducing agents such as sodium borohydride and weak reducing agents such as sodium citrate, alcohols, etc.
In this study metal nanoparticle synthesized by green chemical (chitosan, citrus pectin and sodium alginate) and biological method (solid state fermentation of fenugreek by Pleurotus ostreatus): Gamma irradiation was used to synergist the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles by both green chemical and biological method.
Biosynthesis of gold, silver, silver, selenium and zinc nanoparticles by fungi has been reported. However, despite the stability, biological nanoparticles are not monodispersed and the rate of synthesis is slow. To overcome these problems, several factors such as condition (temperature, concentration of metals and pH of reaction mixture) have to be optimized and the combinatorial approach such as radiation methods used to improve synthesis.
The prepared nanoparticles are characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, Transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; XRD analysis of the confirmed the formation of crystalline metallic nanoparticles. The nucleation and growth mechanism of nanoparticles is also discussed. The size of nanoparticles is influenced by certain parameters such as the choice of stabilizer, pH, temperature and absorbed dose.
The present study explored the positive role of NPs as an antitumor agent using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and colon human adenocarcinoma (CACO) cell line in vitro.
The antioxidant assay show; the metallic nanoparticles has antioxidant activity resulted from ability to scavenging the radical due to high surface area and its reducing power.