الفهرس 
PlasmodiumspeciesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bakground: Insect transmitted diseases remain a major source of illness and death worldwide. Mosquitoes alone transmit diseases to more than 700 million people annually. Malaria is an infectious disease that has a major impact on global public health and the economy. Approximately two thirds of the world’s population live in areas at risk for malaria. Africa, South-East Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean were the regions with the highest numbers of reported cases and deaths. Malaria are naturally transmitted by infectious female Anopheles mosquito bites. Evidence for human malaria infection in Egypt dates to the Pharaonic times. Although official reports indicate no local malaria transmission since 1998, however, the recent outbreak of malaria, that occurred in May 2014 in Aswan Governorate strongly indicates that malaria is reemerging in the country.
Aim: This study was carried out to determine the human host preference and presence of Plasmodium parasite in field collected Anopheles mosquitoes and whether malaria has been successfully eliminated from this area or not.
Method: Thick and thin blood films for detection of asymptomatic cases were carried out. Together with mosquito sampling with it’s morphological identification then processing of the Anopheles species for possible detection of Plasmodium spp. by PCR from mosquitoes’ head and thorax, while their abdomen used for blood meal analysis using multiplex PCR targeting Cytochrome b.
Result: of the human subjects examined no cases could be detected. A higher percentage of human blood preference was detected among Anopheles pharoensis (100%) and 20% among Anopheles sergenti, compared to 0% among Anopheles multicolor. The Anopheles female mosquitoes tested by conventional and real time PCR assays for Plasmodium genus detection, it was 100% negative for the Plasmodium DNA.
Conclusion: Taken together, the lack of asymptomatic carrier among examined individuals and no Plasmodium genus detected from local examined Anopheles mosquito tested support the limited recent transmission in the studied areas.
Key words: Anopheles mosquito, Malaria in Egypt,