الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
External fixation is considered as a method of fracture immobilization, in which a
systern of percutaneous pins or wires is connected to a rigid external frame. Furthermore, it
is utiilized when other means of fixation are in appropriate. The most common reasons for
using external fixator are the treatment of open or closed fracture, complex fracture with
extensive soft tissue damage, correction of bone defects, non union or mal union as well as
for limb lengthening. External fixator like any other line of treatment has certain
complications among them ,is pin site infection.
Pin site infection is the most common complication of external fixator that increases
the cost and length of hospitalization and repeated pin site infection resulting in pin
loosening, premature removal of fixator before period of treatment as well as
osteomyelitis. The orthopedic nurse plays an important role in the prevention of pin site
infection through using the up to date nursing knowledge and recent researches in
providing pin site care, close observation and early detection of signs and symptoms of pin
site infection.