الفهرس 
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Abstract
This work was carried out at the Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University to investigate the effect of diclazuril, essential oil mixture (EOM) or magnetic water treatment (MWT) supplementation without or with broiler chicken Emeria species infection on growth performance, immune response, some blood biochemical parameters and intestinal histopathology of growing Pekin ducklings. Two hundred growing Pekin ducklings one-day old of mixed sex was allotted into 8 equal groups (25 per each). group one fed on the basal diet without any treatment, while group 3, 5 and 7 fed on the basal diet with 10mg diclazuril/kg diet or on the basal diet with 66mg EOM/liter of drinking water or on the basal diet with magnetic water treatment for the mentioned groups respectively. While groups 2, 4, 6 and 8 fed as 1, 3, 5 and 7 respectively with chicken coccidian infection at the end of 2nd week of ducklings age. The obtained results summarized in the following: Diclazuril addition in growing Pekin ducklings diet without or with chicken coccidian infection improved final body weight by about 1.9% and 1.1% respectively when compared with ducklings group fed on the same diet without dicllazuril addition. It was observed that EOM (66 mg/liter) and MWT improved total weight gain throughout the whole experimental period of growing Pekin ducklings when compared with control, while the lowest body gain was obtained by dicllazuril supplementation. The present data indicated that magnetic water treatment improve ducks flock uniformity and consequently maximize the profit of duck production. It was observed that diclazuril, EOM or MWT increased average daily feed intake of growing Pekin ducklings when compared with control. Also, diclazuril addition in Pekin duckling ration deteriorate FCR and PER throughout the whole experimental period by about 2.6%, 4% and 6.9 respectively while improved performance index when compared with uninfected control group, while both EOM or MWT improved FCR, PER and performance index throughout the whole experimental period by about (2.4% and 1.0%), (1.6% and 1.6%) and (2.6% and 7.9%) respectively. It was observed that different treatment had no significant effect on hematological parameters (WBCs, RBCs, Hb% and PCV%) and total protein, albumin, globulin and calcium blood serum concentrations of growing Pekin ducklings when compared with control. It was observed that diclazuril, EOM supplementation or MWT without or with chicken coccidian infection non significantly (P≥0.05) increased blood serum GOT and GPT concentrations when compared with control group. On the hand, EOM or MWT had no adverse effect on kidney function while, dicllazuril addition non significantly increased blood serum creatinine concentration and may be adversely reduced kidney function of growing Pekin ducklings. Diclazuril, EOM or MWT had no significant effect on blood serum triglyceride concentration, while diclazzuril and EOM increased blood serum total cholesterol concentration However EOM or MWT significantly increased blood serum HDL and reduced LDL concentrations when compared with the control. diclazuril addition without or with chicken coccidian infection in growing Pekin ducklings had no significant effect on phagocytic activity and index when compared with control. On the other hand, it was observed that EOM supplementation in the drinking water or MWT without or with chicken coccidian infection non significantly improved phagocytic activity of growing Pekin duckling when compared with control, while significantly increased phagocytic index when compared with control one. The highest values were obtained by duckling group supplemented by essential oil mixture. It was observed that dicllazuril, EOM or MWT had no significant effect on most of carcass traits of growing Pekin ducklings when compared with the control, except thymus gland weight and relative weight increased by EOM and MWT. The highest ileal pH and moisture content was observed by duckling group fed on the basal diet supplemented by 1mg dicllazuril/kg without or with coccidial infection followed by control, while the lowest values were obtained by group with essential oil mixture supplementation. Regarding ileal content viscosity, it was observed that essential oil mixture or magnetic water treatment increased viscosity of the ileal content when compared with control uninfected group while diclazuril had no clear effect on ileal content viscosity. It was observed that diclazuril addition in growing Pekin ducklings increase necrosis and lymphoid depletion of ileum wall when compared with control while, EOM supplementation improve the necrosis and return ileal wall to its normal tissues and normal intestinal villi when compared with control. Moreover, MWT increased intestinal villi length which confirm improvement of nutrient absorption and body weight of growing Pekin ducklings when compared with control. It was observed that diclazuril addition in growing Pekin duckling without or with chicken coccidian infection increased mortality rate throughout the whole experimental period (12% and 8%) respectively when compared with control fed on the same diet without diclazuril supplementation. Moreover, EOM or MWT had no effect on mortality of growing Pekin duckling. Essential oil mixture supplementation in drinking water or magnetic water treatment without chicken coccidial infection improved EPEF by about 3.96% and 4.31% respectively when compared with control group. However, dicllazuril reduced EPEF.