الفهرس 
Acute Lymphoblastic LeukemiaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous group of disorders that result from the clonal proliferation and expansion of malignant lymphoid cell in the bone marrow, blood and other organs. It is the most common type of cancer in children and adolescents accounting for 23% to 25% of all malignant diseases (Masetti and Pesson, 2009).
It comprises several subentites that differ in both immunophenotypic and molecular characteristics over the years, the biological understanding of this neoplasm has largely increased, gene expression profiling has allowed to identify specific signature for the different ALL subsets and permitted the identification of pathways dysregulated by a given lesion (Fluci et al., 2009).
Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)/BCR-ABL–positive acute lympoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the largest genetically defined subtype in adult ALL. Introduction of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIS) in combination chemotherapy has led to a marked improvement in treatment outcome of this leukemia; survival now ranges from 40% to 50% (Oliver et al., 2009) and in another study by (Adele and Fielding, 2010), Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a Five-year overall survival rates of between 10-20%.