الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Objective: immediate loading of dental implants in situations where low bone density exist, such as; the posterior maxillary region, became possible, recently after the introduction of biomimetic agents. This 1-year preliminary clinical trial was carried out to clinically and radiographically evaluate immediate-loaded one-piece implants with local application of melatonin in the osteotomy site, as a biomimetic material. Materials and Methods:14 patients with missing mandibular premolars were randomized to receive14 implants of one-piece type that were subjected to immediate loading after 2 weeks of initial placement. group I included 7 implants with acid-etched surface, while group II included 7 implants with acid-etched surface combined with local application of melatonin gel at the osteotomy site. Patients were recalled for follow up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after loading. Results: all implants were considered successful after 12 months of follow up. Significant difference (P<0.05) was found between both groups at 1month of implant loading when considering the implant stability. At 1 and 3 months, there were significant differences in the marginal bone level between the two groups. Conclusions :Local application of melatonin at the osteotomy site is associated with good stability and minimal bone resorption. However, more studies for longer follow up periods are required to confirm the effect of melatonin hormone on osseointegration of dental implants.