الفهرس 
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare MTA-based sealer with a new experimental root canal sealer, regarding; Physical properties, cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and antibacterial efficiency.
In this study, two root canal sealers were compared; MTA Fillapex (MTA-based sealer) and an experimental sealer. The experimental sealer was composed of powder (80% Portland cement and 20% barium-sulfate) and liquid (70% eugenol and 30% sweet almond oil). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was carried out to identity the components of the resultant experimental sealer powder.
The physical properties of the tested sealers were investigated (in accordance to ISO 6876/2001 specifications), namely; setting time, flow-ability, film thickness, dimensional stability, radiopacity, solubility, adaptation to root canal wall and microleakage. Also their cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and antibacterial efficiency were evaluated.
XRD results of the experimental sealer powder revealed its constituents, as follow; Calcite [Ca(CO3)], Barite (BaSO4), Hartrurite [Ca3(SiO4)O], Portlandite [Ca(OH)2] and Larnite [Ca2(SiO4)].
The experimental sealer presented significantly higher mean values for setting time, film thickness, dimensional stability, solubility and microleakage. MTA Fillapex recorded significantly higher radiopacity than the experimental sealer. No significant difference was observed in the mean values for flow-ability. Both sealers showed the minimum required values for the physical properties, except for the film thickness and radiopacity of the experimental sealer that were not in agreement with ISO 6876/2001 specifications. Regarding adaptation to root canal wall, the experimental sealer showed higher gap mean value irrespective to the radicular region. Irrespective of sealer type, it was found that the apical region recorded higher gap mean value than the middle region.
The experimental sealer recorded higher cytotoxicity than MTA Fillapex, regardless to time. The difference between both sealer groups was non-significant. Both tested sealers were non mutagenic. Regarding antibacterial efficiency no significant difference was observed at 20 minutes interval between both sealers. At 1 and 7 days, the experimental sealer showed significantly higher antibacterial efficiency than MTA Fillapex.