الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary The present study deals with the effects of the dust from Abo Zabal fertilizers factory on the natural vegetation at Ismailia canal (side branch of the River Nile) and the performance of three dominant plant species (Cyperus alopecuroides; Family Cyperaceae, Pluchea dioscoridis; Family Asteraceae and Ricinus communis (L) DC.; Family Euphorbiaceae). Six sites were selected to represent the apparent variation in the vegetation physiognomy and habitats of the side branch. One site was in front of the factory and other four sites were downwind direction and separated from each other and from the site at the factory with one kilo and the other site was in the other direction (upwind) from the factory. During each season, shoot presence/absence of all vascular plant species within each stand was recorded, and Relative Density%, Relative Dominance %, Relative frequency % and important value were calculated for each site. Also the plants under investigation was collected from the different sites. For the analysis of soil we collect three samples from each site during two seasons (summer and winter 2012) and different physical and chemical analysis were carried out to determine the influence of the factory in the surrounding area. The air quality was measured and the air pollution index was calculated for the different sites. The heavy metals in the dust were measured. The heavy metal pollution for the soil at different sites were determined. For plant analysis, large amount of the shoot system was collected for each of the three plant species. 1-Environmental quality:
The air pollution index show sever air pollution at the factory and sites 1 and 2 then a heavy air pollution at site 3 and light air pollution at site 4 and control.
The dust from the factory showed high concentration of different heavy metals specially nickle and zinc.
The soil contamination parameters indicated the anthropogenic effect of the factory.
The pollution of both air and soil were observed and this pollution causes:
o Changes in vegetation at the bank.
Results
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o Chlorophyll a and b contents decreased in plants under pollution but carotenoids increased.
o Carbohydrate contents were changed as soluble sugars increased with pollution and polysaccharides content decreased.
o Nitrogenous content altered under the pollution as protein contents decreased under pollution in reverse to amino nitrogen and proline.
o Total phenolic, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and glutathione increased under pollution.
o Lipid peroxidation increased in the three species in response to pollution.
o Antioxidant enzymes were markedly increased in the three plant species under pollution.
o The highest activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid oxidase and catalase were in R. communis but the highest values of peroxidase were in C. alopecuroides and for ascorbic acid peroxidase were in P. dioscoridis.
o R. communis had the highest value of APTI.
Recommendation: Both Ricinus communis and Pluchea discorides were found to have the highest air pollution tolerance index at severe air pollution and high ability for dust accumulation so it can be planted near the factories to control particulate pollution which may cause hazardous consequences for vegetation and human health