الفهرس 
ABOUT THE STUDY AREA
DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEMOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Sidi Barrani area lies in the western part of Matruh basin, that bounded
by longitudes 25˚ 10‘ and 26˚ 44‘ E and latitudes 31˚ 5‘ and 31˚ 44‘ N, and
located in the northern Western Desert of Egypt. This study aims to
determine the relationship between the surface and subsurface structures of
Sidi Barrani area, northern Western Desert, Egypt, using the surface
geologic data, as referred to the newly remote sensing technology, and the
subsurface geophysical data in the form of two-dimensional seismic
reflection data, with the bore-hole data, and applying the geographic
information systems.
Surface geological, geomorphological and structural information were
obtained from the modern remote sensing systems, like multispectral
Landsat 7 ETM+, aster and the hyper-spectral Hyperion sensors for the
study area. The subsurface structures and tectonic evolution of the study
area were studied using one hundred 2D seismic reflection sections and
supported by the logs of nine deep wells drilled in the study area. In
addition, the analysis encompasses the detailed investigation of the two-way
time section (TWT), structure contour maps and cross sections for defining
the general trends and timing of the regional structural- tectonic
deformations.
The present work is grounded to account for the enhanced information
content of the sensors provided; hyper-spectral analysis methods were
used, Landsat ETM+ and DEM data were prepared for processing by
mosaicking and radiometric corrections to the target area. False color
Landsat ETM+ (bands 7, 4, and 2 in RGB) and (aster DEM) images of the
Sidi Barrani area, Egypt, highlights major ENE-WSW, NNE-SSW faults and
other lineaments trending NW-SE and N-S. Ratio images (5/7, 3/1, 4/3) and
(5/7, 5/1, 4) were used for lithological discrimination of different rock types.
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This has been carried out in order to understand how the surface
geological features generated from the subsurface structural elements of the
study area. The study proved that, the Upper Jurassic- Cretaceous rocks
were dissected by systems of normal faults, trending in the WNW-ESE, NWSE and N-S directions. These fault systems were originated in association
with the Cretaceous-Early Tertiary tectonic deformations related to the
Tethyan plate tectonics. There are conformable relationships among the
produced surface structures which are carried out using landsat ETM+
image data and the subsurface structures, that are proven from seismic
reflection data. Seismic data reveal some E-W, NW-SE and N-S subsurface
faults, which are recognized on the Landsat ETM+ data.
The study area was subjected to different tectonic regimes across
varying time intervals, that have a major effect on the hydrocarbon
accumulations.
Moreover, the foregoing NE-SW deformational phases represent the
maximum structural activities occurred through the Phanerozoic section of
the study area. Moreover, the older folding phases (NNW-SSE and NNESSW) of the Early and Late Mesozoic reveal the start of structural
reworkings for the deposited Paleozoic sequences. Added, the younger
wrenching phases (E-W) and N-S) reflects the tangential tectonics of
oblique and strike-slip fault elements.
The relation between the paleotectonic and neotectonics of the study
area is a matter of contrversary. The paleotectonics stretched from the
Mesozoic to the Early Tertiary, while the neotectonics extended from the
Late Tertiary to the Quaternary.