الفهرس 
chapter 1Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
although, ultra precision hard turning is a method for production high quality features with tight tolerances and high accuracies, its full capabilities have not been fully fulfilled yet. this is mainly owing to the constraints of the size-scale at which the process takes places. this is result in underiable changes of the chip formation process, tool wear mechanisms and surface generation process than those experienced at conventional turning. in this context, the motivation for this research was address the lack of full scientific understanding of the ultra-precision turning for further advancement of the process. in particular, this study involves experimental and finit element investigation of tool wear, surface roughness generation and chip formation process in ultra-precision hard turning of steel 3161.