الفهرس 
chapter 1Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Design of reinforced concrete structural systems subjected to seimic actions with an accurate margine if safety and economic design requires an accurate determination of nonlinear parameters such as force reduction factor and cracked stiffness. due to complex interactions between various components of real structures, thier nonlinear characteristics up to failure cannot soly identified from the experimental tests of scale models. to overcome this difficulty, finite element program with full graphical interface features and several analyzing types is developed for the analysis of seimic resiting systems. for accurate predictions of such parameters, a flexibility based beam-plane-stress reinforced concrete element based on the modified compression field theory with improved numerical techniques are presented.