الفهرس 
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Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is the one of the chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) which is a common chronic lung disorder,
usually related to cigarette smoking, representing a major and increasing
cause of morbidity and mortality. It is defined as a condition of the lung
characterized by abnormal, permanent enlargement of airspaces distal to the
terminal bronchiole accompanied by destruction of the alveolar walls without
obvious fibrosis. The aim of this study was directed to evaluate role of multi-detector
computed tomography (MDCT) in pulmonary emphysema and its
classification. This study was conducted on 20 patients referred from Chest
Department of Menoufia University Hospital to Radiology Department. They
were presented with cough, expectoration, difficult breathing, and wheezes
and referred for MDCT of the chest. They were 13 males (65% ) and 7
females (33%) with male to female ratio of 1.8:1 Their ages ranged between
25 and 78years, we noticed that the most common affected age group is the
group ages from 61 to 76 years in males (8 patients) and from 20 to 40 years
in females (4 patients).
In the present study, all patients were subjected to the complete history
taking, thorough clinical examination and MDCT. All patients were
examined using sixteen detector CT scanners (Toshiba Alexion). The scan
parameters used were 120 kVp and 240 mA per slice; tube rotation 0.75 s and
slice thickness 1.25 mm. We found that the most common type of pulmonary emphysema was
centrilobular emphysema which was encountered in 11 patients (55% of all
patients). 9 patients of the patients with centrilobular emphysema were heavy
smokers (81%) and 2 were exsmokers. in four smoker patients (46%).
We found that the second common type of pulmonary emphysema was
paraseptal emphysema which was encountered in 8 patients (40%of all
patients). Paraseptal emphysema was also seen associated with centrilobular
emphysema
Panlobular emphysema was revealed in 4 patients (20%) of all
patients, and presented as uniform dilatation of the secondary pulmonary
lobules with attenuation less than -950 HU.