الفهرس 
Introduction
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Abstract
Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as the involuntary leakage of urine. It is a common complaint of the elders where it affects men and women but it is more prevalent among women. It represents a very important problem medically, psychologically, socially, economically, and hygienically. People who suffer from UI are more likely to have urinary infections, dermatitis, and suffer from falls. Moreover, UI may increase isolation, despondency, depression, and economically UI involves a very high cost. Despite the significant impact imposed by UI the elderly women often do not seek help because either of their embarrassment or mistaken belief that it is a normal part of aging. There are many treatments options for the control of UI including behavioral, pharmacologic, and surgical therapies. Behavioral interventions are often recommended to be the first choice in helping the urinary incontinent women.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a behavioural training program on continence outcome for urinary incontinent institutionalized elderly women.
This study followed a quasi experimental research design. The study was carried out in four assisted living facilities (elderly homes) for elderly persons in Alexandria namely; Dar El Hanaa, Dar El Hadaya for female, Dar El Saada, and Dar El Wedad.
The subjects of this study were comprised all elderly women residing in the previously mentioned settings and fulfilling the following criteria were included in the study; age 60 years or more, women who reported at least one urinary incontinence episode/ week, have stress, urge, or mixed urinary incontinence, functionally capable of independent voiding, no history of genitourinary pathology, stroke or other neuropsychiatric diseases, have intact cognitive function, agree to participate in the study. Their number amounted to 32 women.
Data was collected using six tools:-
1) Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale
It was used to assess the cognitive function of the elderly women.
2) Elderly women socio-demographic and clinical data structured interview schedule
This tool was developed by the researcher to collect data about the socio-demographic characteristics of the elderly women, duration of stay in the elderly home, medical, surgical, and obstetric history, history of incontinence, life style patterns that can increase the risk of urinary incontinence, environmental factors, and anthropometric measurements.
3) Voiding diary
It was used to determine the frequency, timing, and amount of voiding.
4) The Incontinence Severity Index (ISI)
It was used to assess the severity of the incontinence problem. The possible range of score is from 0 to 12, the higher the score the more the severity the urinary incontinence.