الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of study: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment on surface roughness and micro shear bond strength of all ceramic restoration repaired with different flowable composites (repair systems). Materials and Methods: eighty IPS e.max press disc specimens 8 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness were fabricated according to manufacture instruction. Based on surface treatment used, specimens were divided into 4 main equal groups each of 20, group 1 (G1) control; no treatment, group 2 (G2) was etched with hydrofluoric acid for 30s, group 3 (G3) was treated with silica coating sandblasting, group 4 (G4) was irradiated with ND:YAG laser. Surface roughness was determined firstly by profilometry and surface morphology was evaluated by SEM.Two repairing systems flowable composites, self-adhesive (A) and conventional flowable composite (B) were used for bonding to all-ceramic surface. Micro-shear bond strength has been evaluated by using universal testing machine. The data was statically analyzed. Stereomicroscope was used to examine the mode of failure.Result: The highest mean surface roughness value (μm) was for G2 (acid etching) (0.253±0.002), and the lowest was for G1 (control) (0.243±0.0003). While G4B (Laser Z350) recorded the highest mean micro-shear bond strength value (36.93±11.33) Mpa, with a significantly difference from G1B (control Z350) which showed lowest mean value. High incidence of interface adhesive failure is demonstrated among the groups. Conclusion: acid etching with hydrofluoric acid was the most effective treatment to roughen glass ceramic surface, ND:YAG could accomplish the same efficiency, meanwhile Silica Coating sandblasting of IPS e.max press was the least effective method. There is no significant difference between different flowable composite used to repair IPS e.max press system.