الفهرس 
InterlocutionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Irrational use of medicines is an extremely serious global problem that is wasteful and harmful. In developing and transitional countries, in primary care less than 40% of patients in the public sector and 30% of patients in the private sector are treated in accordance with standard treatment guidelines. (48) Recent guidelines have been published to improve the rational treatment of diarrhea in children. We intend to study the impact of these guidelines on the rate of antidiarrheal drug sales in the Egyptian market, i.e. the amount of drugs used for treating diarrhea in children despite available scientific evidence against their effectiveness will be assessed.
The aim of this study was to assess changes in sales of the different drugs categories used for the treatment of diarrhea in children in Alexandria, from 2002-2012, and the effect of recent guidelines aimed to rational use of antidiarrheals. Also, our study aimed to forecast the economic waste if the sales of irrational antidiarrheal drugs still as it is.
A retrospective analysis was conducted on records of the sales of antidiarrheal syrup drugs. All legal distributive companies in Alexandria included in the study. Data collected from records of the antidiarrheal drug sales available in drug distribution companies in the years from 2002 to 2012, in a data collection form.
Data were introduced to the SPSS version 18 & Excel 2010. Figures and tables to describe the sales through different categories and different areas, Pearson’s Chi square test was performed to detect the presence of statistically significant difference between group of rationality in use and geographical areas. Expert modeler for forecasting each category of antidiarrheal sales in the four years after 2012, and for forecasting the estimated waste due to irrational drug categories from 2013 to 2016.
The study revealed the following results:
The irrational drug group is the highest sales in Alexandria governorate (63%). The highest antidiarrheal sales were in the west area (41.4%) followed by the east area (37.3%). The least sales were found in the downtown area (21.3%). Gap between rational and irrational differs: largest gap in the west area (25%), smallest gap in the downtown area (11%).
Nifuroxazides category had the highest overall percentage of sales (35%) (155.6±86.15) through the ten years from 2002 to 2012 and the Zn preparation category has the lowest overall percentage of sales (3%) (11.89±6.4) through the same period.
Economic waste calculation for the irrational drugs group was used which include: adsorbents, combinations and Nifuroxazides in the years from 2013 ”2,498,375 EGP (1,543,048 -3,453,730)” to 2016 ”3,072,326 EGP (1,817,694-4,326,990)”.