الفهرس 
Specular MicroscopyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Approximately 18 million people worldwide are blind for bilateral mature cataract . Despite what modern technology has done to advance the treatment of cataract, the greatest challenge in our field continues to be the large and increasing blockage of cataract blindness especially in developing countries. Phacoemulsification is currently the best surgical modality for cataract extraction. The corneal endothelium is essential in maintaining corneal transparency , the chief function of this monolayer is to remove fluids from the corneal stroma , keeping it optically clear. A significant loss of endothelium can lead to corneal decompensation .The endothelial cell count (ECC) in a normal adult cornea ranges from 2000 to 2500 cells/mm² and the count continues to decrease with the advance in age. This thesis was conducted to compare the effect of cataract extraction by torsional and conventional longitudinal phacoemulsification on the integrity of the corneal endothelium and also to determine which is safest to the corneal endothelium by doing a
comparative analysis of the corneal endothelial cell density and cell loss , following torsional versus longitudinal phacoemulsification . In the current study 50 eyes was included, 25 received torsional phaco (group A) and 25 received longitudinal phaco (group B) to be conducted in one month prospective observational clinical trial on randomized basis. Endothelial count was done preoperatively and 1 months postoperatively. The average amount of corneal endothelial cell loss in torsional phaco was 14.68% at 1 months while in longitudinal phacoemulsification it was 15.95% at 1 months.