الفهرس 
Anatomy of Urinary BladderOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bladder cancer is the second most common neoplasm of the urinary tract worldwide. It accounts for 6–8% of malignancy in men and 2-3% in women, with the highest incidence rates in North American and Europe, the bladder cancer in Egypt has significantly changed within the last three decades as transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) as becomes the most common type. MR imaging with its superior resolution and supplemented with new emerging sequences is the optimal imaging modality for accurate local staging of bladder cancer, particularly for differentiation between the muscle-invasive (MIBT) and non muscle-invasive urinary bladder tumors (NMIBT), it’s a cornerstone to treatment decision making. Superficial tumors (NMIBT) are treated with transurethral resection (TUR) with or without adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy or photodynamic therapy, whereas invasive tumors (MIBT) are treated with radical cystectomy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination. Our study included 50 patients (44 men and 6 women; age range, 44-85 years) presented with gross hematuria or suspected of urinary bladder tumors underwent MRI and subsequent conventional cystoscopy. All patients were evaluated by using T2-weighted MR imaging followed by DW MR imaging of urinary bladder lesions. Post contrast enhanced T1WIs were done if there were no contraindications. In the studied 50 patients with urinary bladder tumors, 55 lesions were identified with conventional cystoscopy; 45 (90%) patients had one lesion, and 5 (10%) patients had two lesions. The locations of the 55 urinary bladder lesions in MR images included 16 (29.1%) in the posterior wall, 11 (20.0%) in left lateral wall, 8 (14.5%) in right lateral wall, 8 (14.5%) in dome, 4 (7.3%) in trigone, 5 (9.1%) seen circumferentially, and 3 (5.5%) in anterior wall. The Tumor appearance was fungating in 25 (45.5%) of the bladder lesions, papillary in 14 (25.5%), nodular in 11 (20%), and flat in 5 (9.0%). The diameter of the lesions ranged from 0.5 to 12 cm (mean= 4.6±2.7). In our study the accuracy of T2W imaging for proper tumor staging was 75.0%, 91.1%, 78.3%, and 81.8% for stages T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Accuracy of DW imaging for proper tumor staging was 75.0%, 83.3%, 95.7%, and 100% for stages T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively and accuracy of post-contrast enhanced T1W imaging for proper tumor staging was 75.0%, 100%, 88.2% and 71.4% for stages T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively.