الفهرس 
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Abstract
Mouthwashes are liquid preparations intended for being applied on teeth and mucosa of the oral cavity and pharynx in order to exert an antiseptic, astringent and sedative local action. They are widely used in dentistry and usually contain water with some active components, such as antiseptics, antibiotics, antifungal, astringents, and anti-inflammatory substances (Gaffar andAfflitto, 1992; Barbé et al., 1993). Mouthwashes are associated with oral pain and mucosal dryness especially when alcohol containing mouthwashes are used (Lemos and Villoria, 2008).
Materials and methods
40 adult male albino rats were used in the present study and were grouped into 4 groups (3 experimental and 1 control) each group contains 10 rats
Control group: rats which received distilled water orally and their extracted molar was soaked in distilled water.
Experimental group:
• Lacalut group : rats received Lacalut M.W and their extracted molars were soaked in it in the same time.
• Listerine Group: rats received Listerine M.W and their extracted molars were soaked in it in the same time.
• Tricare Group: rats received Tricare M.W and their extracted molars were soaked in it in the same time.
Mandibular first molars, enamel and cementum were prepared to be examined by SEM. The dorsal surface of the tongue of each rat was prepared to be examined by light and scanning electron microscopes.
Results:
Light microscopic results:
Lacalut group showed regular arrangement of filiform papillae with normal underlying dense connective tissue with slight loss of height in some regions . Listerine group showed increase loss of height and lamellated keratin. Scarce connective tissue papillae with some distortion were also appeared. Tricare showed ill- defined filiform papillae with apparent increase in thickness of keratin in some regions ,and torn keratin tips on the others.
Fungiform papillae, Lacalut group appeared like control group. Listerine group appeared with the same morphology with slightly clear taste buds . Tricare group showed dense fibrotic connective tissue with foamy epithelium .
Circumvallate papillae of Lacalut group showed the same morphology and histology . While Listerine group showed widening in the trough in addition to clearance in taste buds. Distortion , elongation and widening of the trough appeared in Tricare group.
The foliate papillae of the 3 experimental groups showed apparent decrease in taste buds with ill-defined amorphous internal structure as well as degeneration in the epithelium in some regions.
SEM results
Dorsal surface of the tongue:
Filiform papillae of Lacalut group showed Slight distortion in keratin tips appeared in some papillae Moreover, true filiform appeared like control group. Listerine group showed slight change in orientation representing bending of tips and loss of vertical orientation in addition to obvious packing in true filiform papillae. Tricare group showed characteristic splitting in tips of papillae, tearing and distortion are also appeared.
Fungiform papillae of Lacalut group showed also apparent taste pore but there were some irregularities on the surface. In comparison, fungiform papillae of Listerine group showed more irregularities and the taste pore was ill defined .Moreover, Tricare group showed distorted dorsal surface of the
Circumvallate papilla of Lacalut group revealed almost similar appearance as the control group .On the other hand, Listerine group showed wide furrow with developed flank .Similarly, the Tricare group showed furrow widening. The foliate papillae showed no changes from the the control group appeared neither in Lacalut nor Listerine groups. Tricare group showed slight widening between the foliae.
Enamel:
enamel surface of Lacalut group revealed few defined areas of mild and narrow cracks and Minute depressions. Listerine group showed smooth enamel surface with apparently wide, numerous depressed areas and well defined enamel cracks. While Tricare group showed an increase in cracking that lead to localized erosive areas on the teeth surface with some areas of intact enamel.
Cementum:
Listerine group showed normal CEJ with slight separation in some regions .Apparent cracks and few depressions of sharpey’s fibers attachment. Wide scattered concave areas. Tricare group showed apparent separation between enamel and cementum and cementum surface showed erosions, notches and abrasions. the sites of attachments of sharpay’s fibers were absent .