الفهرس 
Cover Page Title in EnglishOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 32 |  |  |
| | | from | 32 | | |
Abstract
This trial was conducted to clarify the effect of different dietary garlic extract (allicin) supplementation on growth performance. immune response, nutrient digestibility and some blood biochemical parameters of broiler chicken. Experiment I, two hundred day old chicks were used and allotted into equal five groups fed on the basal diet supplemented by 0.0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg allicin/Kg diet respectively for five continuous weeks. The obtained results was summarized in the following: • Dietary allicin supplementation at 25, 50 and 75mg/kg diet significantly (P≤0.05) improved final body weight by about 6.87, 12.76, and 10.13 % when compared with control broiler chick group. In contrast high level (100mg/Kg) addition of allicin non significantly (P≥0.05) decreased final body weight of broiler chicks by about 1.13 % when compared with control one. • It was observed that allicin supplementation at 25, 50, 75 mg/Kg diet significantly increased body gain throughout the whole experimental period by about 6.9%, 13.03% and 10.3% respectively when compared with control. In contrast higher level (100mg/Kg diet) of garlic extract supplementation non significantly (P≥0.05) reduced body gain throughout the whole experimental period by about 1.2% when compared with control. Allicin supplementation increased feed of broiler chicken while, 25, 50 or 75 mg allicin/Kg diet improved feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, efficiency of energy utilization and performance index when compared with control. In contrast high inclusion rate of allicin deteriorate the mentioned parameters . Allicin supplementation at different levels in broiler chicken ration had no significant effect on WBCs counts, and increased RBCs, Hb% and PCV% when compared with the control. It was observed that allicin supplementation had no clear effect on blood serum total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations, while it was observed that allicin supplementation at 25, 50, 75 or 100mg/Kg diet reduced blood serum concentration by about 4.3%, 3.3%, and 6.5% respectively when compared with the control. Allicin supplementation reduced blood serum triglycerides and total cholesterol concentrations when compared with the control. On the other hand allicin supplementation at 25, 50 or 75 mg/Kg diet improve kidney and liver functions through reduction of blood serum creatnine, GOT, GPT and ALP concentrations when compared with the control, while higher level showed adverse effect. Supplementation of 50mg of allicin/Kg diet exhibited not significantly (P≥0.05) increase of neutophil and hetrophil percentage by about 1.1% and 4.7% respectively and consequently had higher H/L ratio when compared with control one. Moreover, allicin supplementation at 25, 50, 75 or 100mg/Kg diet increased phagocytic activity by about 2.2%, 10.5%, 22.5% and 6.7% respectively when compared with the control one. Dietary allicin supplementation at 25 or 75mg/Kg diet not significantly increased weight or relative weight of thymus gland and bursa, while higher inclusion level of allicin (100mg/Kg diet) reduced thymus gland and bursa weight or relative weight when compared with the control one. Dietary allicin supplementation at 25, 50 or 75 mg/Kg diet improved organic matter, crude protein and ether extract digestion, while high inclusion level exhibited lower digestibility percentage when compared with the control. It was observed that allicin supplementation numerically improved dressing percentage of broiler chicken, while had no effect on liver, gizzard, heart weight when compared with the control. The best income/cost ratio was obtained by broiler chicks group fed on the basal diet supplemented by 50 mg allicin/kg diet (71.2%) followed by those fed on the basal diet supplemented by 75 mg allicin (66.4%), while the worst income/cost ratio was obtained by broiler chicks group fed on the basal diet supplemented by 100mg allicin/kg diet (48.7%) Experiment II, 210 of day old chicks were used and allotted into 7 equal groups. group one fed on the basal diet without any supplement (control) while, group 2 – 4 fed on the basal diet supplemented by 50mg allicin/Kg during the whole period, starter or finisher phase only respectively and group 5 – 7 supplemented by 62.5mg allicin /L of drinking water during the whole period, starter or finisher phase only respectively. The obtained results summarized in the following. Dietary allicin supplementation during whole period of broiler production significantly (P≤0.05) improved final body weight by about 9.2% when compared with control, while water Allicin supplementation during the whole period non significantly (P≥0.05) improved final body weight by about 3.0% when compared with control. On the other hand, dietary garlic extract supplementation during starter or finisher phases only non significantly improved final body weight by about 4.2% and 4.1% respectively, in contrast water garlic extract supplementation at starter or finisher period significantly increased final body weight by about 6.5% and 10.4% respectively when compared with the control one. Allicin supplementation through broiler chicken ration or drinking water increased feed intake when compared with control. It was observed that allicin supplementation in broiler chicken diet during the whole period improved FCR, PER and EEU when compared with the control, while during starter phase had no effect and at finisher phase deteriorate FCR, PER and EEU when compared with the control. In contrast, allicin supplementation through drinking water during the whole period deteriorate FCR, PER and EEU, while water supplementation during starter or finisher period only improved FCR, PER and EEU respectively when compared with the control. It was observed that allicin supplementation at 50mg/Kg diet during finisher period only or allicin supplementation at 62.5mg/L of drinking water during finisher period only numerically increased TWBCs and TRBCs when compared with control group or with other broiler chicken groups supplemented with allicin in diet or through drinking water during whole experimental period or during starter phase only. Periodical supplementation of allicin in broiler chicks ration or through drinking water increased blood serum total protein and globulin concentrations and reduced blood serum glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol concentrations when compared with control. Periodical allicin supplementation in broiler chicks ration or through drinking water improved kidney and liver functions through reduction of blood serum uric acid, creatinine, GOT, GPT and ALP concentration when compared with the control. Allicin supplementation improve broiler chicken immune response through increasing of neutophil percentage, increased phagocytic index and activity when compared with the control. also, it can be concluded that dietary garlic supplementation at starter period exhibited the highest immune response followed by both broiler chick groups fed on the basal diet and supplemented by garlic extract in water for whole or during finisher period. Dietary allicin supplementation during whole period or through drinking water during finisher phase only significantly improved dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract and ash digestibility when compared with the control one. Moreover, other allicin supplementation at different phases showed variable results. Allicin supplementation during different phase through broiler chicken ration or in drinking water not significantly improved dressing percent, but had no clear effect on liver, gizzard and heart weight when compared with the control. It was noticed that allicin supplementation at 50 mg/Kg diet during the whole period or at 62.5 mg/L drinking water during starter or finisher phase only increased net income and income/cost % from 351.13 LE and 53.8% for control diet to (426.48 LE and 63.8%), and (404.15 LE and 60.8%) respectively while, addition of allicin through drinking water during the whole period or through broiler ration during starter or finisher phase only reduced the same parameters when compared with the control.