الفهرس 
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Abstract
Anemia is a shortage in the number of red blood cells (hemoglobin) sound Responsible for oxygen to all parts of the body transfer and multiple anemia patterns depending on the causative agent to him, there is anemia due to iron deficiency in the body, leading to a shortage of red blood cells where it enters the iron in its composition, symptoms of anemia and fatigue and fatigue and inability to understand and focus. Iron deficiency anemia occurs when iron deficiency is sufficiently severe to diminish erythropoiesis and cause the development of anemia. Iron deficiency is the most prevalent single deficiency state on a worldwide basis.
The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of some plants on rats suffering from iron deficiency anemia. The current study was performed on total of 50 mature albino rats weighing 150-200 g.
Rats were fed on normal (basal) ration and water as provided ad libitum.
The animals were divided into 2 groups:
Healthy rats (n 5 rats) as a negative control (C –ve) normal rats.
group (1): Rats (n 5) fed on the basal diet (control-ve).
Un healthy rats (n 45 rats) were fed on the basal diet containing tannic acid diet (20 mg\kg diet) to induce iron deficiency anemia for three weeks then divided into nine groups:
group (2): Rats (n 5) fed on the basal diet only as positive control (control +ve) for 45 days.
group (3): Rats (n 5) anemic rats feed using seeds oils at 2.5%.
group (4): Rats (n 5) anemic rats feed using seeds oils at 5%.
group (5): Rats (n 5) anemic rats feed using seeds oils at 10%.
group (6): Rats (n 5) anemic rats feed using leaves powder at 2.5%.
group (7): Rats (n 5) anemic rats feed using leaves powder at 5 %.
group (8): Rats (n 5) anemic rats feed using leaves powder at 10 %.
group (9): Rats (n 5) anemic rats’ feed using blend of them at 5% level.
group (10): Rats (n 5) anemic rats’ feed using blend of them at 7.5% level.
At the end of experimental period (45 days), blood samples were collected for serum separation to determine the following:
Parameters:
Test blood picture the volume of blood cells was measured by using a graded scale, hemoglobin (Hgb) (g/dl), hematocrit (HCT) (%),mean cell volume (MCV) (fl), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (Pg), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC )(g/dL), white blood cells (WBC) (x103/uL), red blood cells (RBC) (x106/uL), Platelets (PLT) (x103/uL), red blood cell distribution width (RDW) (%), (PDW) (%),mean platelet volume (MPV) (fl), lymphocytes (LYM) (x103/L), neutrophils
granulocytes (NEUT) (xl03/L) and monocle immune distribution (MID) (x103/L). Also, serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin. Serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), Glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDLc, LDLc, VLDLc and atherogenic index (AI), Creatinine, uric acid and urea. Also, sensory evaluation of bakery was determined. Liver, heart, spleen, kidney and lungs were removed, cleaned in saline solution and dried then weighed, while liver, aorta, heart and spleen kept in formalin solution for histopathological examination.
Result of the present study revealed the following:
1- Anemia by tannic acid caused a decrease of feed intake (FI), body weight gain % (BWG) and feed efficiency ratio (FER).
2- All studied group revealed significant increase in FI, BWG, and FER as compared with anemic rats without treatment (C ve).
3- Anemic rats then fed on moringa oil 5% recorded the best (FER and BWG), The best (FI) was recorded for group 5&6 when compared to control (+) group.
4- Due to anemia by tannic acid all organs was occurred atrophy.
5- As for liver weight, rats given tannic acid and fed on group 6&7 showed the highest significant increase in the mentioned relative organ weight as compared to all formulas.
6- For heart weight, the highest significant value in for mentioned organ noticed in rats given tannic acid then fed on group 9 as compared to control +ve group.
7- For spleen weight, the best value was for groups 5 &9 with non-significant differences between them.
8- For lung weight, the best treatment was for rats fed on group 7 (moringa leaves 5%).
9- As for kidneys weight, the best value was for rats given tannic acid and fed on group 5.
10- Enzymes activities of liver were raised due to anemia by tannic acid, leading to increase of AST, ALT & ALP. Feeding on tested plants however reversed the changed of liver enzymes activities, indicating the improvement of liver function.
11- The best treatment for AST enzyme was observed for group 10, the better treatment for ALT enzyme was noticed for group 10.and the best treatment of serum ALP enzyme recorded to group 4, in comparison with control (+) group.
12- Anemia by tannic acid reduced HDL while raised LDL, VLDL, TC, TG and AI.
13- Rats fed by tannic acid and fed on group 6 (anemic rats then fed on moringa leaves at 2.5%) showed the highest significant increase in HDL value.
14- Rats given tannic acid prior to feeding on the mixture of moringa oil and moringa leaves at 5% revealed the highest result in decrease serum lipoprotein LDL, VLDL, T.C, T.G and AI.
15- Due to anemia by tannic acid renal function recorded increase in serum levels of Creatinine, urea and uric acid. While feeding on test plants reversed such as a change.
16- Anemic rats then fed on group 4 and group 5 showed the highest significant decrease in serum levels of urea compared to other groups.
17- In concern to Creatinine the best treatment was recorded for the group3 (anemic rats then fed basal diet + moringa oil 2.5%).
18- In concern to the ratio of uric acid rats given tannic acid then fed on diet of group 6 (rats fed on based diet + moringa leaves 2.5%) recorded the best result as compared to all formulas.
19- Rats fed on group3 (anemic rats fed at 2.5% moringa oil) showed the highest significant decrease in mean value of serum glucose.
20- Anemia by tannic acid recorded increase in RDW, platet, MCH, MCV and the reverse recorded for Rbc, Wbc, MCHC, HCT, and Hb.
21- Rats given tannic acid prior to feeding on the mixture of 7.5 % (moringa oil+ moringa leaves) revealed the highest increase in all blood picture (Hgb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, RBC, PLT, RDW, PDW, MPV, LYM, and MID.
22- In the NEUT the highest decrease was recorded to group 8 (anemic rats then fed on 10% moringa leaves).
23- Anemia by tannic acid caused decreased in iron, ferritin and transferritin in contrast with serum TIBC causing increased value.
24- For Iron, TIBC, Ferritin and Transferrin% rats given tannic acid and fed on group 10 (anemic rats then fed on moringa oil moringa leaves at 7.5%) showed the highest increase compared to all groups.
25- Regarding enzymatic antioxidants, anemic rats feeding on the mixture of moringa oil + moringa leaves at 7.5% revealed the highest increase in enzymatic antioxidants SOD, CAT and GPX.
26- Histopathological investigation supported the biological and biochemical changes.