الفهرس 
1.3. Analytical methods used for determination of the psychiatric pharmaceuticals in environmental matricesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Determination of Some Chemicals in Drug Formulations and Lab wastewater with Proposal for Treatment
Recent advances in analytical methods have been mirrored by our increased ability to detect and quantify organic contaminants at trace levels, even in highly complex matrix as wastewater. Pharmaceutical compounds are generally present at the parts –per- trillion or low parts- per- billion ranges.
Questions regarding persistence and long term adverse effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment have been raised because there have been reports that very low drug concentrations (for example, ng/l) in the environment can have undesirable ecological and potentially human health effects.
New, simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive methods have been suggested for determining of three commonly used antidepressant drugs namely tianeptine sodium (TIA), duloxetine hydrochloride (DUL) and fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLU) in their bulk powder and pharmaceutical preparations, in addition to their determination in combination in lab wastewater.
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most powerful and versatile instrumental technique used for detection and quantitation of TIA, DUL and FLU by using C8 column, mobile phase: (sodium acetate: acetonitrile) (60:40, v/v) pH 3.85 with a flow rate: 2 ml/min at wavelength: 231 nm. The retention times are (t¬R= 3.016 min) for TIA, (tR= 3.714 min) for DUL, and (t¬R= 4.823 min) for FLU.
The first derivative ratio spectra based on determination of one drug in the presence of the other to eliminate interference. The amplitude in the first derivative of the corresponding ratio spectra at 327.8nm, 252.4nm, were selected to determine TIA, and FLU, respectively, by using DUL (10 µg/ml) as devisor, while DUL showed amplitude at 255.8nm, 238.4 nm using TIA (6 µg/ml) or FLU (40 µg/ml) as devisor.Degradation of the drugs occurred by using the advanced oxidation process presented in the using of titanium dioxide as a photocatalyst in the presence of UV irradiation was effective in destruction of the pollutants to simpler molecules.