الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Immunization programs are widely recognized as one of the most effective types of health interventions. The benefits of vaccination extend beyond prevention of specific diseases in individuals. Vaccination makes good economic sense, and meets the need to care for the weakest members of societies. Reducing global child mortality by facilitating universal access to safe vaccines of proven efficacy is a moral obligation for the international community as it is a human right for every individual to have the opportunity to live a healthier. Vaccine effectiveness affected by many factors such as transportation and storage at appropriate temperatures (cold chain) and proper administration and timing of doses.
The cold chain system when implemented properly, can enhance the ongoing quality, safety and efficacy of an immunization program so nurses, supervisors and others who handle vaccines should do what they can to increase the use of the cold chain system.
Appropriate vaccine administration is a critical component of a successful immunization program so all personnel who will administer vaccines should receive competency-based training and education on vaccine administration before providing vaccines to patients.
Continuing education should be provided for all staff on the use and administration of new vaccines, new schedules, and new or revised recommendations.
Egypt has achieved significant progress in vaccine preventable disease control and prevention. Routine immunization coverage with
Summary
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the diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus vaccine 3rd dose reached more than 95% of the population. Indigenous wild poliovirus transmission was eliminated in 2006 and is monitored by ongoing environmental surveillance for wild polioviruses in a program assisted by CDC and other partners. Egypt is moving toward elimination of measles and rubella through high routine immunization coverage with two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella.
The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and practice of health providers about the safe practice during routine children vaccination.
This cross sectional study included 140 health care providers and 15 primary health care facilities in Quewisna district, Menoufia, Egypt selected by ideal bowel method.
Predesigned questionnaire and observational checklist were applied to collect data. The questionnaire assessed knowledge of health care providers about storage, handling, administration, scheduling, doses, routes and contraindications of the different vaccines routinely used for children under 5 years in primary health care facilities.
The checklist assessed the practice of health care providers regarding cold chain, room layout, preparation for vaccination session, general and specific practice related to each vaccine.
This study found that, The majority of the sample (88.6%) was females and 66.4% of them were nurses. Only 11.4% of them worked at vaccination room. The total knowledge score was significantly higher among high nurses and health care providers who received training courses. The knowledge of health care providers regarding all vaccines was satisfactory except Hib vaccine.
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The practice of the studied units/ center regarding cold chain, preparation for the vaccination session and administration of different vaccines was done with good level. The post vaccination practice was poor comparing to pre and during vaccination practice.