الفهرس 
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Abstract
Edema of the bone marrow means abnormal alteration of the bone marrow consistency resulting in replacement of its MRI fat signal by fluid signal.
Multiple causes are involved in the development of bone marrow edema, including traumatic injuries, inflammatory and neoplastic lesions, our study concentrated upon the non traumatic bone marrow edema
Non traumatic bone marrow edema is caused by inflammatory lesions such as osteomyelitis, osteoarthritis, avascular bone necrosis, and neoplastic lesions including osteoma, myeloma, leukemia, sarcomas and bone metastasis
MRI is considered the diagnostic modality in the evaluation of bone marrow edema, cases with bone marrow lesions are examined by T1WI, T2WI and fat sat techniques
Bone marrow edema is represented by hypointense signal in T1WI, iso – to hyperintense signal in T2 WI, and evident hyperintense signal in fat sat sequences
So, fat sat technique is considered more sensitive than T2WI in the detection of bone marrow edema .
Contrast MRI is used in all the examined cases , the cases were injected and examined in T1fat sat sequence, or proton density fat sat sequence
Focal bone marrow edema is homogenously enhanced by gadolinium , represented hyperintense signal in contrast sequences, quantitavely equal to the detected focal hyperintense signal in fat sat sequences, where we consider contrast injection as equivocal
However, all the lesions of non traumatic bone marrow edema are associated with another bone marrow and related soft tissue inflammatory or neoplastic lesions , which mandates contrast injection
Contrast can fully differentiates the focal marrow edema from the associated lesions , by this pattern of enhancement we can decrease the differential diagnosis list or reach to the most probable diagnosis of the causative lesion of bone marrow edema.
Contrast injection can give precise details about the cartilage, synovial membrane lining. It also used to better depict devitalized regions, abscesses, sinus tracts and joint or tendon involvement.
This can differentiate the reactive marrow edema from the necrotic bone marrow lesions,
Fat sat. sequence considered sensitive in the evaluation of bone marrow edema, and contrast enhanced MRI considered more specific in the full evaluation of bone marrow edema