الفهرس 
cover EnglishOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
One of the most urgent problems facing salt industry in Egypt is using the same phase rule of sea water for the salt precipitation with the different water resources. Many of the solar salines are different in water chemistry and different in concentration limits of salts precipitation. The aim of the present study is applying of Laser technique (LIBS) to determine the economic limits of salt precipitation with the minimum amount of contaminations. The applied technique was conducted to water samples from Lakes El Manzala and Quaroun and sea water. LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy), as an advanced elemental analysis spectroscopic technique is adopted for qualitative evaluation of three elements, Ca, Na and Mg, in the samples obtained from different precipitation stages of samples from the different regions. The atomic emission spectra of the precipitates as well as that of the water have been analyzed. It is aimed to understand the behavior and mechanism of precipitation of such elements in each stage. The results of the study indicated that the economic limits of precipitation of NaCl salt from sea water ranges between 25.5 and 30 ˚Bé with a limited contamination of Ca and Mg salts that not exceeding 0.8 %. The economic range of precipitation of salt from Lake El Manzala falls in the range between 28 and 33 ˚Bé with a limited contamination of Ca and Mg salts higher than that in sea water but not exceeding 1%. In Lake Quaroun, salt starts precipitation very late at 33 ˚Bé with a considerable amount of Mg salts contamination. Accordingly, Lake Quaroun water can not be used for salt industry using the normal sequence of solar evaporation.