الفهرس 
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Abstract
In the present study, the birds divided into 10 groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 to study the transmission of avian influenza virus (H5N1) by pekin ducks to balady ducks, pekin ducks and balady chickens through the contact. Group (1) infected intranasally (I/N), group (2) infected intramuscularly, group (3) infected orally with 0.1 ml of inoculum containing 106 EID50/ml of AIV (H5N1). The viral shedding for the infected ducks and contact birds was positive. The effect of Neem leaves extract 4% showed decrease in the shedding period of the virus especially in groups treated 5 days before infection, group 9 was control positive and group 10 was control negative. Also, the study included the effect of neem on growth performance and histopathological changes before and after the treatment.
The clinical signs appeared on the infected pekin ducks at 3rd day post infection in the form of depression, anorexia, greenish diarrhea, mild to severe nervous signs at 5thd.p.i. (incoordination, tremors, tilted head, imbalance, torticollis). The contact pekin ducks with infected ducks were apparently healthy, some ducks showed greenish diarrhea with mild nervous signs after 5 days from the contact. In the contact balady ducks with infected ducks, the infection was more severe than pekin ducks and the signs appeared at the 4th day from the contact and the mortality started at 7thday and was 10% in group 1, 50% in group 2, 80% in group 3. In the contact balady chickens with infected ducks, there is cyanosis and hemorrhage in comb, wattle, shanks, greenish.