الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of
root canal irrigation techniques with intra canal aspiration, compared to
ultrasonic irrigation in terms of:
1) Apical extrusion of debris during mechanical preparation using Rotary
and Hand instruments.
2) Removal of the Smear layer using SEM.