الفهرس 
LIVEROnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Acute abdomen is a medical emergency, in which there is a sudden and sever pain in the abdomen of recent onset, with accompanying signs and symptoms that focus on abdominal involvement.
Anatomy and pathology of the hepatobiliary system are very important to detect the difference characteristic features of diseases.
Hepatobiliary system is affected by difference diseases with specific pathological effect that clinical presented with acute abdomen like acute hepatitis, liver abscesses, hydatid disease, portal vein thrombosis, liver cirrhosis, budd chiarri syndrome, hepatic carcinoma, biliary colic, mirizzi syndrome, cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis or one of its complication like emphysematous, gangrenous, perforated, and hemorrhagic cholecystitis, or gall bladder ileus.
Medical ultrasound imaging is one of the significant technique in detecting and visualizing the hidden body parts, which is done by using ultrasound waves between 2 to 20 MHz range without using of ionizing radiation.
There are different modes to ultrasound imaging which most common are B. mode, m-mode and color mode.
Ultrasound examination is operator dependent ,so that we must prepare the patient well like fasting and stop smoking for gall bladder scanning , using the correct position to examination , and between that used the suitable transducer.
After that you can used probes with different manipulation and planes to do proper scanning by covering major areas of the hepatobiliary system.
Role of ultrasound in detection of different causes of acute abdomen secondary to hepatobliary diseases depends on the clinical presentation and complication of diseases, so that there are different sonographic appearance.
Sometimes we use the new technique to reach to the diagnosis.
There are many new techniques in ultrasound which improve the field to reach to the final diagnosis ,like doppler ultrasound,three dimension ultrasound,and contrast enhanced ultrasound.
Ultrasound elastography is a new, non invasive technology to assess the degree of liver fibrosis in patients by measuring liver stiffiness and also in imaging therapy.
There are some treatable roles in ultrasound like in amebic liver abscess: we can drainage the abscess by the aspiration (pigtil catheter) which washed daily with normal saline and covered by antibiotics.
For all of previous issues ultrasound now a days play an important role for detecting causes of acute abdomen secondary to hepatobiliary diseases.