الفهرس 
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Abstract
This thesis aims to reach a set of comprehensive guidelines and checklist for sustainable landscape measures in university campuses. The study managed to examine the state of campus landscape in some of the contemporary universities in Egypt and check the application of sustainability regarding campus landscape.
The thesis is based on four qualities affecting sustainable landscape. The qualities are: Physical qualities, ecological qualities, individual use qualities and social qualities. The integration of these qualities covers two pillars of sustainability which are environmental and social sustainability. The two first qualities target how physical urban properties could function efficiently performing the required benefit and at the same time serving and protecting the ecosystem. The last two qualities focus on another factor which is the user.
The first four chapters included theoretical data from literature, reports and best practices clarifying the application of sustainable measures in landscape and its reflection on the university campus landscape. Physical qualities included: Connectivity, edges and gateways, different circulations on campus, spaces and facilities provided. This aspect focused on the efficient operation of campus and how to reach optimum cases related to urban design. Ecological qualities included: Water, vegetation, soil and materials. This aspect focused on less consumption of resources and energy, enhancing and protecting nature and returning back to nature resemblance. The individual use qualities included: Wayfinding, safety and identity. Individual use qualities discussed ease of movement, interaction and sense of belonging of users. The social qualities included: friendship formation, group membership, communications, spatial separation based on social characteristics, gender differences, participation and the impact of physical space on social space.
The methods used are deductive in the theoretical part reaching compilation of different elements to be added on the guidelines’ checklist. Some relevant points from “SITES” rating system for sustainable sites were added to the list. The process of validating the list according to the guidance of expertise in the field of landscape architecture occurred. Questionnaires and interviews’ questions were formulated to use for the selected case studies based on theoretical part. A cross- cutting relational table was generated to highlight the interactions between different qualities complying with the main target of sustainability creating a holistic and integrated approach.
The selection of the three cases –American University in Cairo (AUC), German University in Cairo (GUC) and British University in Egypt (BUE) - was based on recently opened campuses that could be more manageable and updated to apply the measures of sustainable landscape. The three campuses are of different sizes sharing the desert common environment. Cases were analyzed according the checklist by visiting the cases and discussing points with units responsible for landscape management on campus. Questionnaires were distributed online and interviews were conducted to understand further relations on campus from different users.
According to the studied cases, the sustainability of landscape is still only achieved in limited fields especially the ecological qualities. Physical elements are mostly fine due to the good design of campuses especially the AUC. Even though AUC was the only campus of the three cases having actual steps towards the implementation of sustainable measures before construction and during operation, many aspects are still not achieved. Many elements need to be taken into consideration before construction as water systems, vegetation and soil. The main motive is the economic benefit in most cases while the ecological benefit is not obvious. The study resulted in a comprehensive comparison highlighting the main applied measures and main defects, a cross-cutting relational table for each case showing the integration between qualities positively and negatively, and the classification of the compiled checklist showing the degree of application.