الفهرس 
Introduction
HysteroscopyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Uterine receptivity plays a key role in the establishment of successful pregnancies, and its impairment may limit ART success and contribute to the subfertility in many gynecological diseases as endometriosis
IUI is a procedure by which washed spermatozoa are introduced intothe uterine cavity, thereby bypassing several of the natural barriers in the female genital tract. In combination with, or without, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, it has proven to be not a cost-effective line of treatment for infertility. Its main indications are mild male factor, cervical factor or cases of unexplained infertility.
Currently, most IUI cycles are carried out under ovarian stimulation with the goal of achieving multiple folliculogenesis to increase the fertilization rate, Inadequate uterine receptivity is responsible for approximately two-thirds of implantation failures, whereas the embryo itself is responsible for only one-third of these failures.
Embryonic implantation is a dynamic process of paracrine interactions between the maternal compartment and the conceptus and involves a receptive endometrium and a developmentally competent blastocyst.
Successful implantation requires a competent embryo, a receptive endometrium and a synchronized dialogue between maternal and embryonic tissues. Successful implantation is dependent on a timely progression of a series of biological events during which the embryo undergoes functional interactions with the uterus prepared by the maternal factors.