الفهرس 
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Abstract
Periodontitis is defined as infections of the tissues surrounding the teeth. This infection is usually caused by anaerobic gram –negative microorganisms. Infection causes destruction of supporting alveolar bone and can lead to tooth loss. Diabetes mellitus is a disease of metabolic dis regulation, which develops from either a deficiency in insulin production or impaired insulin utilization Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the destruction of the insulin producing β- cells of the pancreas which may involve an autoimmune or a virally mediated destructive process. Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) results either from defects in insulin molecule or from altered cell receptors for insulin and manifests as insulin resistance rather than insulin deficiency. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is one of the most potent and versatile proinflmmatory mediators found in mammals it can be produced and released from a variety of cells, especially activated inflammatory cells like macrophages, and lymphocytes PAF promotes aggregation, chemo taxis, granule secretion and oxygen radical generation by leucocytes and their adherence to the endothelium. The purpose of the present study is evaluated salivary and serum levels of platelets activating factor in chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetes. This study was selectively collected for contribution in the present study. A Total of forty individuals were. They were divided into four groups .Twenty of them were diabetes mellitus patients with chronic periodontitis (ten patient type I and ten patient typeII) and another ten patient with chronic periodontitis represented the study group. All individuals included in the study were nonsmokers and no systemic diseases except diabetes mellitus in group. The clinical parameters; Gingival Index, Plaque Index, Bleeding on Probing Index, Probing Pocket Depth and Clinical Attachment Loss, were measured before Collection of saliva and serum samples were taken and collected at first appointment for all groups.
Results of the current study revealed that there were clinical improvements and statistically significant differences of all clinical parameters measured before Collection of saliva and serum samples for all groups.
It was shown that a significant increases level platelet activating factor in saliva in the group III diabetes mellitus type II 28.9 ng/ml. compared with other groups However, there was a significant increase in serum of platelet activating factor group III diabetes mellitus type II 25.8 ±9.4ng/ml, compared with other groups.
It was also in the study Comparison of glucosated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) There was no significant differences glucosated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) between different groups.