الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
- A total of 300 samples were collected from different slaughtered animals which were collected from different butcher’s shops in Beni- suef Governorate; 75 samples each of cattle, camel, sheep and buffalo (25 of each liver, kidney and muscles), were analyzed for the detection of heavy metal residues (lead, cadmium, copper and zinc) by using UNICAM 969 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.
- The mean lead residual levels in muscle, liver and kidney of cattle were 3.14, 3.99 and 1.76; while in camel were 1.40, 3.4 and 1.41; while in sheep these values were 1.94, 1.8 and 2.94; as well as in buffalo were 1.13, 0.17 and 3.47 ppm, respectively.
- The mean cadmium residual levels in muscle, liver and kidney of cattle were 0.02, 0.25 and 0.11; while in camel were 0.2, 0.46 and 0.85, while these values were 0.7, 0.35 and 0.21 in sheep; as well as in buffalo were 0.91, 0.00 and 0.2 ppm, respectively.
- The mean copper residual levels in muscle, liver and kidney of cattle were 0.79, 56.09 and 4.2; while in camel were 1.29, 71.56 and 1.77; while in sheep these values were 1.9, 109.81 and 7.92; as well as in buffalo were 1.16, 26.12 and 1.02 ppm, respectively.
- The mean zinc residual levels in muscle, liver and kidney of cattle were 53.23, 36.74 and 16.41; while in camel were 57.64, 51.71 and 17.49; while in sheep these values were 43.84, 38.06 and 22.9; as well as in buffalo were 53.3, 22.12 and 14.11 ppm, respectively.
- It is worth to mention that 64% of muscle, 100% of liver and 96% of kidney in case of cattle, as well as 84% of muscle, 28% of liver and 92% of kidney in camel were exceeded the permissible limit (0.5ppm) according to EOS (1993) for muscle and (0.1 ppm) for liver and kidney relation to lead, while in case of sheep all muscle, kidney and 8% of liver samples , as well as 88% of muscle, 20% of liver and all kidney samples of buffalo were exceeded these limit.
- In case of cattle none of muscle and kidney samples and 12% of liver, while in camel none of muscle samples, 48% of liver and 16% of kidney were exceeded the permissible limit (0.5ppm) according to FAO/WHO(2000) for muscle and liver and (1.0ppm) for kidney relation to cadmium. As well as none of examined liver and kidney samples and ( 96% and 100%) muscle of sheep and buffalo were exceeded these limit.
-For copper these percentage were 76% of liver and 4% of kidney in case of cattle, while in camel 92% of liver and 4% of kidney, as well as in sheep 84% of liver and 4% of kidney, while in case of buffalo 52% of liver were exceeded the permissible limit (20ppm) according to EOS (1993), on contrary none of examined muscle samples of (cattle, camel, sheep and buffalo) were exceeded this limit (20ppm) according to EOS (1993), as well as all kidney samples of buffalo not exceeded this limit(20ppm) .
-These percentage in zinc in case of cattle were 96% of muscle, 28% of liver, while in camel 96% of muscle, 80% of liver, as well as in sheep 72% of muscle, 36% of liver, while in case of buffalo 92% of muscle were exceeded the permissible limit (40ppm) according to FAO/WHO(1989), on contrary none of examined kidney samples of (cattle , camel , sheep and buffalo), as well as liver samples of buffalo not exceeded this limit(40ppm) according to FAO/WHO(1989) .
- It was clear that lead levels reported significant difference at (p≤0.05) between examined liver and kidney samples of different animal species , while the muscle samples were not significantly different.
-The concentration of lead in liver were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than muscle and kidney in cattle and camel , while in sheep and buffalo the kidney samples were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than muscle and liver .
- It was obvious that cadmium levels were a significant difference (p≤0.05) between muscle and liver samples of different animal species (cattle, camel, sheep and buffalo), as well as camel kidney samples were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than kidneys of cattle , sheep and buffalo.
-On the other hand, there were significant difference (p≤0.05) between examined muscle, liver and kidney samples of each animal spices (cattle, camel, sheep and buffalo
- It was obvious that copper level in liver samples of sheep were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than livers of other animal species (cattle, camel and buffalo), while the kidney and muscle examined samples of different animal spices were not significantly different.
-Residual level of copper in liver of (cattle, camel , sheep and buffalo), were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than its level in muscle and kidney . heavy metals accumulate in higher concentrations in the muscle than livers and kidney.
- Zinc residual level in muscle samples of sheep were significantly (p≤0.05) lower than other species (cattle, camel and buffalo), also liver samples of buffalo were significantly (p≤0.05) lower than other animal species (cattle, camel and sheep), while the kidney samples of sheep were significantly (p≤0.05) higher than other animal species.
-Zinc residual levels of muscle samples were significantly higher (p≤0.05) than liver and kidney in all examined samples (cattle, camel, sheep and buffalo)
- Public health hazards of heavy metals residues were discussed and the suggestive measures to minimize the exposure the animal to heavy metals pollution to protect the consumer health were recommended.