الفهرس 
Chapter one: IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this thesis was devoted to the design of a novel
electrode as was described, consisting of modified PDAN/GC electrode
fabricated by electropolymerization method using cyclic voltammetry
technique(CV) nickel ions loaded into a modified Ni/PDAN/GC
electrode. The developed modified electrode was applied as a biosensor
toward the oxidation of single, binary, ternary and real samples of
glucose (Glu), ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) at bare GC,
modified PDAN/GC and modified Ni/PDAN/GC electrodes.
The thesis consists of four chapters as follows:
Chapter one: In this chapter we focused on general background
about the conducting polymers with special focus on
Polydiaminonaphthalene and What Makes Polymers Conductive?, their
synthesis by introducing highlights about both Chemical and
electrochemical Polymerization and its applications, biosensors and its
generations, the characterization techniques thereof and Significance of
Conducting Polymers to Biosensors. Also we paid a great attention to the
Nanoparticles-modified electrodes. Finally we introduced a general
background about the biological compounds under investigation in our
study.
Chapter two: In this chapter we reported the experimental part
which mainly stated with electrochemical preparation of PDAN/GC
modified electrode in a mixed solvent of [H2SO4 in ACN] in the presence
of 1.0 mM of DAN monomer and 4.5 M of H2SO4 at GC electrode using
scan rate of 0.1Vs-1 at a potential range between 0.2 to 1.2V using cyclic
voltammetry technique.
In order to achieve better electroactive redox response of the
prepared PDAN/GC modified electrode, different factors affecting the
electroactivity of the prepared PDAN film such as concentration of
1.8DAN, potential limits, scan rate, number of cycles and H2SO4
concentration in the mixed solvent were examined by comparing the
anodic peak currents of the electrochemical responses of the prepared
PDAN films in an ACN solution containing 0.1 M LiClO4. Then the
characterization techniques such as CV, square wave voltammetry
technique (SW) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Finally we
introduced the experiment reporting the incorporation of Nickel
nanoparticles into PDAN film.
Chapter three: In this chapter we disclosed the characterization
of the prepared modified electrode (ME) of poly 1,8-diaminonaphthalene
(PDAN) based in glassy carbon electrode in new mixed solvent of
sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and acetonitrile (ACN) by cyclic voltammetry
technique (CV).
The optimum conditions for the film formation were investigated
and the results showed that sweeping the electrode potential between 0.2
to 1.2V using scan rate of 0.1 Vs-1 for 20 cycles using 1.0 mM of the
monomer (DAN) exhibited the best results.
Also in this chapter we introduced the results regarding the Nickel
ions of (Ni (II)) incorporation to the polymer to give modified nickel
nano particles /PDAN/GC electrode which exhibited stable redox
behaviour of Ni(III)/Ni(II) couple in aqueous 0.1M NaOH solution.
Modified Ni/PDAN/GC electrode was characterized by CV, square wave
voltammetry technique (SW) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)
and the results are presented coherently and in details.
The electrooxidation of single, binary, ternary and real samples of
glucose (Glu), ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) at bare GC,
modified PDAN/GC and modified Ni/PDAN/GC electrode in 0.1 M
NaOH was studied by using SW technique. Also we introduced a
systematic study regarding the operational parameters such as the anodic
peak potential and current values related to the change in concentration of
the biological compounds.
Chapter four: In this chapter we introduced a general
conclusion about the work and made a comparative study by comparing
the activities of the three electrodes (GC, PDAN/GC, Ni/ PDAN/GC) as
biosensors for detection of AA, UA and Glu and we gave a general
conclusion about facts and recommendations that are revealed from our
study. Finally we introduced a short dictionary to the most common terms
used in electrochemistry for the reader’s guidance.