الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Diabetic macular edema is one of the most significant causes of blindness and severe visual impairment in patients with diabetes, which can result in reduced quality of life. Optical Coherence Tomography is a high-resolution, cross-sectional imaging technique that allows detailed assessment of retinal thickness and morphologic evaluation of the neurosensory retinal layers. OCT imaging has rapidly been integrated into diagnosis and management of DME in routine clinical practice and clinical trials. This is a cross sectional study to study the relationship between control and duration of diabetes mellitus and different OCT patterns of diffuse diabetic macular edema. This cross sectional study included 50 eyes of 50 patients presenting to embaba ophthalmic outpatient clinic complaining of diminution of vision with history of DM, full medical history including duration of DM was done to patients; Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) blood test was done to patients to assess control of DM. Fluorescein angiography and OCT imaging was conducted to assess OCT patterns of DME in these patients.OCT patterns of DME were classified to: 1. Spongyform diffuse retinal thickening (SDRT) (10 patients). 2. Cystoid macular edema (CME). (31 patients). 3. Serous retinal detachment (SRD) (4 patients). 4. Full type which include all the previous patterns (5 patients). Patient’s control of DM was classified according to reference range of HbA1c into 3 groups: 1. Good control (6.7-7.3%). (0 patients). 2. Fair control (7.3-9.1%). (38 patients). 3. Poor control (>9.1%). (31 patients). All results were statistically analyzed showing: • On correlating control of DM with different OCT patterns of DME there was no statistically significant difference between control of DM and different OCT patterns of DME (p=0.374), this may have appeared because the control of DM is not a risk factor for morphological patterns of DME. • On correlating duration of DM with different OCT patterns of DME there was a statistically significant difference between duration of DM and different OCT patterns of DME (p=0.043), on comparing different OCT patterns DMEmean duration with each other there was a significant difference between the SDRT group and full group (p=0.052) and CME group (p=0.022) showing that SDRT appears with shorter duration of DM, this is explained by the fact that SDRT is the 1st pattern to appear. • On correlating HbA1c level with different OCT patterns of DME there was no statistically significant difference between Hba1c level and different OCT patterns (p=0.369).this may have appeared as HbA1c is not a direct factor affecting morphology of DME. • On correlating age of patients with different OCT patterns of DME there was no statistically significant difference between age of patients and different OCT patterns (p=0.355), the age of patient is not a risk factor for DM or DME. On correlating best corrected visual acuity and OCT patterns of DME there was statistically significant difference between the the best corrected visual acuity and different OCT patterns of DME (p=0.022), on comparing different OCT patterns of DME mean best corrected visual acuity with each other there was a statistically significant difference between SDRT group and the CME group (p=0.031), SRD group (p=0.017) and full group (p=0.08) denoting that the SDRT group has the best best corrected visual acuity. This may have appeared because the SDRT is associated with less macular thickness than other OCT patterns. |