الفهرس 
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Abstract
Surgery as well as hospitalization can be a very traumatic experience for the child and their parents. For this reason, nurses should be able to develop their skills and knowledge in order to go with the wide spread use of technology at operation room.
The Aims of this Study Were:
1. To assess and compare between children’s level of anxiety before and after play session.
2. To assess and compare between parents’ levels of anxiety before and after play session.
Hypotheses:-
1. Children who engaged in preoperative play therapy will have lower anxiety than children who receive routine hospital care.
2. Parents of children who engaged in play therapy will have lower anxiety level than parents of children who receive routine hospital care.
Research Design:
A quasi-experimental design was used to examine the effect of preoperative play therapy on the level of anxiety of children and their parents.
Setting:
This study was conducted at pediatric surgical department in El-Helal hospital, and Shebeen El-koom Teaching hospital.
Summary 106
Sample:
A convenient sample of 100 children and their parents were included. A simple random sample had done to assign them equally into experimental group (50) children and control group (50) children )were
selected from the previously mentioned settings.
Tools of the Study:-
Five tools were utilized for data collection:
Tool one: Sociodemographic structured questionnaire: It was divided into two parts:
•Part one: Demographic data about children,
•Part two: Demographic data about parents.
Tool two: The Faces Pain and Anxiety Scale: used to assess the child
baseline anxiety.
Tool three: The Modified Yale preoperative Anxiety Scale (MYPAS).
Tool four: Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
Tool five: Georgetown University Satisfaction Survey for Pediatrics.
The Main Results of the Study Showed That:
1. On post session, Children in the study group were less anxious (not worried at all 10.0%, worried little 16.0%, Worried worst 2%) than children in the control group (not worried at all 0.0%, worried little 0.0%, Worried worst 36.0%).
2. Mean levels of anxiety of children in the study group was lower than children in the control group on post session (40.16 ±19.25 Vs 86.98 ±12.31).
3. On pre session, parents in the study group had more state anxiety than on post session. Also, Parents who felt not at all calm before session were (60.0% Vs 4.0%).
4. Parents in control group had more state anxiety on post session than on pre session. Also, parents who felt not at all calm were (8.0% Vs 56.0%).
5. Mean levels of anxiety of parents in the study group were lower than parents in the control group on post session (47.90±4.06 Vs 53.32±5.13) respectively.
6. Mean level of parents’ satisfaction was higher between parents in the study group than parents in the control group (21.10±0.36 Vs 17.14±1.02) respectively.
7. There was an imperfect negative correlation between anxiety of parents and their satisfaction.
The Study Concluded That:
Children who engaged in preoperative play therapy have lower anxiety than children who receive routine hospital care. Also, Parents of children who engaged in play therapy have lower anxiety level than parents of children who receive routine hospital care.
Based on the Results of the Study it was Recommended That:
1. Ongoing in service education programs must be designed and implemented at operative theater to develop nurses skills related to used of play therapy as method of preoperative preparation of children.
2. During sessions of play therapy, it is recommended that nurses should observe children’s reactions during play sessions to evaluate their psychological reactions.
3. In-service educational training programs about play therapy should be developed and provided for nurses working at operative room.
4. In each hospital, there should be specialized room for play therapy sessions.
5. Hospital polices should consider incorporating therapeutics play interventions into a routine nursing preparation of children for surgery, and include their parents in this process.
6. Future studies may extend this line of research by testing the effectiveness of preoperative play therapies on children undergoing major surgeries.