الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
There are new trends for developing new types of pesticides such as antipsychotics to avoid pesticides problems. However, in the past decade, only limited studies have been performed on second generation antipsychotics. Therefore, in the first part of this study, two new, simple, rapid and accurate spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the analysis four second-generation antipsychotics are aripiprazole (ARP), clozapine (CLZ), risperidone (RIS) and sulpiride (SUL), as the monitoring of these drugs is important for quality assurance in preparations and obtaining optimum concentration. The proposed extractive spectrophotometric methods are based on formation of yellow ion-pair complexes between four studied drugs and two different sulphophthalein dyes such as bromothymol blue (BTB) and bromophenol blue (BPB) in acidic buffer solution. The formed complexes were extracted with methylene chloride and measured at the selected wavelength. All methods have been successfully applied to assay of four drugs in pharmaceuticals, serum and urine samples.
For toxicological studies; twenty eight male albino rats weighting 180 to 200 gm were used. Seven rats orally administered SUL, CLZ and both at dose (28.0 and 0.5 mg/kg B.wt.) respectively, once daily for 21 days, seven rats served as control. Results revealed significant increase in the level of the enzyme activity of both alkaline phosphotase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and significant decrease in the level of α-esterase, β-esterase and γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA). DNA fragmentation was observed in liver and brain tissues after treatment with SUL, CLZ and both. Histopathological findings of liver and brain proved the previously mentioned results.