الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY and Conclusion
The present study wasconducted on two groups:
• Group I: included50 cases of Phlyctenularkeratoconjunctivitisselected fromophthalmology outpatient clinic of Sohag University Hospital and Sohag Ophthalmology Hospital,30 of them (60%) were male and 20 of them (40%) were females.
• Group II: included50 healthy child as a control groupselected from pediatric outpatient clinic of Sohag University Hospital, 27 of them (54%) were male and 23 of them (46%) were females.
- A written consent was taken from each case.
Fresh stool samples were collected in a clean, dry,sterile,plastic containers, labeled and stored at 2-8c until examined. If the material was not going to be used within 3 days, it is recommended to be stoed in 10 % formalin. The samples were examined as possible as for: consistency, colour,presence of adult worms and presence of blood or mucus. Micrscopic stool examination was done by using direct smear, concentration and simple floatation methods.
In the present study, age was ranged from 4 to 12 years old with a mean± SD of 7.40 ± 2.13in group ofPhlyctenularkeratoconjunctivitis and7.11 ±2.44incontrol group.
In the present study, it was found that 16 cases (32%) of Phlyctenularkeratoconjunctivitis associated with parasitic infections and 34 Cases (68%) free of parasitic infections. In control group it was found that 7 cases (14%) ( 6 cases with single infection and one case with mixed infection) associated with parasitic infections and 43 cases (86%) free of parasitic infections with P-value = 0.032* indicating statistically significance difference between cases and control group.
It was found that one case out of 15(6.7%) less than 6years old were infected, 13cases out of 25(52%) from 6-8years old were infected , 2 cases out of 10(20%) more than 8years old were infected, theres is statistically significant increase in the number of parasitic infections associated with Phlyctenularkeratoconjunctivitis in age from 6-8 years old.
It was found that 11cases out of 30 boys cases (36.7%) were infected and 5 cases out of 20 girls cases (25%) were infected,there is statistically non-significant increase in the number of parasitic infections associated with Phlyctenularkeratoconjunctivitis in male patients.
It was found that 14 positive cases out of 32 cases(43.8%) inrural area and 2 positive cases out of 18 female cases(11.1%) in urban area,there is statistically significant increase in number of positive cases in rural area.
It was found that 12 cases out of 50 cases(24%) was infected with Hymenolepis nana, one case(2%) was infected withEntamoebahistolytica, one case(2%) was infected withEnterobiusvermicularis, one case(2%) was infected withGiardia lamblia and one case(2%) was infected withTaeniaspeces,theres marked increase in the number of patients infected with Hymenolepis nana in Phlyctenularkeratoconjunctivitis cases.But in control group, There was only 2 cases (4.0%) infected with Hymenolepis nana withP-value= 0.004* indicating statistically significance difference between cases and control group. This can be explained by the fact that the Hymenolepis nana has role in the atiology of Phlyctenularkeratoconjunctivitis as H.nana can produce a type of tissue hypersensitivity, phlyctenular eye disease may be partly referred to such an infection,asH.nana can produce a type of tissue hypersensitivity, phlyctenular eye disease may be partly referred to such an infection.
This preliminary study, pointing to H. nana having an important role in the aetiology of phlyctenular eye disease, suggested more surveys should be done to evaluate the problem,health education to the community especially the rural areas and sanitary disposable of human excreta should be done to limit the parasitic infections.