الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of the work to look for the relation between emaciation in cattle and clinical evaluation of skin , hair coat , mucous membranes rumen motility, temperature and appetite.hematological parameters.
Cattle are considered the main integral part of the farming system for small farmers in Aswan governorate. Farmers depend on cows and oxen for milk and meat. In spite of their importance, poor growth, worth body condition and poor productivity of cattle in this area consist of a major problem thus it is important to study this problem and look for the possible causes of emaciation in cattle in this area.
Poor growth and unthriftness in livestock animals are considered the widely menthioned complain among farmers in Upper Egypt. Bad or inadequate feeding of nutrients, deficiency of macro and micro-elements, improper housing or management, impact of gastrointestinal, skin and blood parasites and chronic debilitating diseases are incriminated as the most probable causes of such condition (Sadiek, 2001).
Ill-thrift is a vaguely defined condition with a variety of causes however ill-thrift and suboptimal growth are terms often used interchangeably (Radostits et al., 2000). Failure to gain weight is the main feature of this condition and chief complain of livestock producers. It has a drastic economic impact on livestock production as it
affects animal´s rate of body weight gain, marketing, day to the first calving, herd survivorship and future productivity (Underwood and Suttle, 1999). While the most likely cause of this condition is the disturbance of metabolism secondary to micronutrients imbalances, the pathophysiological basis of such condition is still intricate (Mills, 1983).Weight loss or failure to gain weight (ill-thrift) is concerned with the syndrome of weight loss in the presence of an adequate food supply and a normal appetite. In the absence of any primary disease, an animal or group of animals that presents with this as the problem is a major diagnostic dilemma. Several poorly identified diseases in this category are ’weaner ill-thrift’, ’thin sow syndrome’, ’thin ewe syndrome’, ’weak calf syndrome’ (Radostits et al., 2006).
Ettinger and Feldman, (1995) mentioned that change in body weight-weight loss or weight gain result when metabolic utilization and/or nutrient loss exceeds or falls short of energy intake. Weight loss can occur through increased energy demands (hyper metabolism), inadequate nutrient assimilation (anorexia, regurgitation
A number of stress factors including environmental and managemental variables such as hot climatic condition, type of soil and weaning practices have also been reported to be contributing factors to calf ill-thrift (Reid and Howath, 1980; Scibilia et al., 1987). Stress of trace elements deficiencies and hot climatic condition generally increases the production of free radicals, leading to oxidative stress (Elsayed, 2001 and Saleh et al., 2008).