الفهرس 
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Abstract
Congenital scoliosis is the most frequent congenital deformity of the spine. The developmental etiologies of congenital scoliosis may be classified as either a failure of formation, a failure of segmentation, or a mixture of these two modes of maldevelopment. The precise cause of these maldevelopment, at an early embryonic development of the fetus, remains unclear; however, environmental and genetic implications may have a role. Concurrent development of other organs during vertebral embryology may leads to associated renal, cardiac, genitourinary, and intraspinal anomalies. Ideally, this type of the scoliosis should be diagnosed at an early stage when it is possible to anticipate the prognosis based on the amount of spinal growth remaining, the type and site of the vertebral anomalies, and the degree of growth imbalance they produce. In taking history the age at which the curve was first noticed, similar conditions in the family, and any associated symptoms should be elicited. Physical examination should evaluate type, site, and degree of curvature and any trunk decompensation. Photographs are a better aid than memory and may be useful in sequential examinations. The patient should be undergone a thorough neurological baseline examination. Signs of skeletal maturity should be searched for clinically and radiologically. Because the deformities are associated with other organ system anomalies in more than half of patients, the surgeon should look for renal, cardiac, auditory, genitourinary anomalies. Intraspinal abnormalities are present in approximately one third of patients with congenital spine deformities. Radiographic assessment will therefore include standing whole spine Xrays, posteroanterior and lateral. Scoliotic curve, the anomaly, end vertebrae, curve degree, vertebral rotation, and bone maturity all should be identified. 3D computed tomography help to delineate the complex deformity and Magnetic MRI useful for evaluation of cartilage end plates.