الفهرس 
الإحساس بالمشكلة.Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The occurrence of rapid and successive developments in the field of education technology and their
relation with teaching and education processes has led to the evolution of the concept of
education technology from the narrow concept of separate and ready means to a broad and
comprehensive concept to design educational attitudes that contribute to the development of
education and solving its problems.
Based on this concept, the introduction of technology has been introduced to schools as an example
of a model that helps and leads to the restructuring of schools to meet the goals of education,
which any advanced society seeks to achieve or on its way of progress.
Hypermedia are considered of the most modern technological innovations used in addressing some of
the educational problems, which have become a very spread in the presence of a huge amount of
information and concepts that must be absorbed by the learner, and that requires us to be fully
aware of the requirements of the times, which are that we should teach a learner how to learn and
how to think, not only teach him to collect information.
There are many previous studies that have dealt with the superior structure of methods and its
impact on educational achievement and activating the educational situation.
Researcher came to important points by analyzing these studies namely:
1. Many studies have confirmed the effectiveness of high achievement by comparing them to the
traditional teaching methods, as well as comparing them to the hypertext and multimedia means.
2. Most studies have focused on the design of hypermedia software according to a variety of
navigation patterns, different display patterns, and measure the impact on academic achievement.
3. Some studies aimed at identifying the standards and models for the
effective design of educational hypermedia software, without seeking
to find effective standards and models for the design of hypermedia software for integrated high
educational courses.
The rapid developments that occur in the world today require the officials of education in many
countries of the world to consider the plans and programs of education in line with these
developments and changes. The curriculum is the axis of the educational process and thus they
become more susceptible than others to changes and improvements. The views and
ideas put forward to improve the curriculum abounded and have been developed to help today’s
students to keep abreast of these developments, and giving them the knowledge, skills and
expertise, in order to become active members of their communities. Ideas that have been put
forward and implemented included the idea of integrative curriculum.
Perhaps one of the justifications for concern of the integration of the curriculum and the call to
apply them is what was revealed by the literature of education as one of the prominent approaches
in student preparation in an integrated and balanced way and to provide him with a system of
knowledge, experience and trends, which enables him to deal consciously, flexibility and an open
mind with problems of the current
age and complex issues, and giving him communication and understanding skills with others, and work
with them as a team.
Understanding the Problem: -
By review of previous studies and research: -
Researcher felt that all the recent studies of education technology
and education call for the need for attention to educational software whether produced in the form
of multi-media, or hypermedia and work to transform the learning process from the traditional
education based on book to e-learning in the form of multi-media and hypermedia, as they
recommended the interest in using hypermedia technology in teaching courses because of their many
advantages, with interest in producing according to specific technical standards to help achieve
the educational goals required, also stressed the need to focus on the production and development
of computer educational programs that serve all the courses, and the expansion of its design
and posted on the Internet.
from this point it became necessary to develop the courses of the
Egyptian education at all levels.
Problem of the Research: -
In light of the above, the research problem was reflected in:
A large gap between educational materials leading to poor
achievement of many of the scientific concepts, which leads to weak tendency towards scientific
study as a whole, the extent of the impact of integration as an entry point to build the curriculum
to increase achievement in those materials and an increased tendency toward scientific study.
from this perspective it is clear that the research problem represents a tangible reality
so the need to study it becomes a matter of
urgency to learn how to organize, design, and implement it, to be able to
develop it on a scientific basis, making it an educational entity to
overcome the difficulties faced by traditional education systems for
pupils of elementary school.
The researcher has found that it is effective and educationally useful to employ this in ....
”building proposal based on the hypermedia for integration between some courses and measure the
extent of effectiveness in the development of achievement and trends of the primary school pupils.”
This means to find a link between certain courses that are taught to primary stage considering that
this stage is characterized by interdependence between the courses and especially the first years
and to analyze their content, objectives and activities for common concepts between these courses,
and then take these concepts and build a proposed model for the integration of these courses using
certain navigation patters available in hypermedia software, and take into account the
advantages and possibilities of this kind of software, also take into account the requirements and
needs of the students of this phase.
- So as to maximize the optimum use of this kind of learning.
- Take advantage of the integration between courses to deliver
knowledge to students in a wider and clearer way and ensure obtaining good results of this
learning.
Researcher through this research tried to answer the next primary
questions:
”What is the design proposed for a model based on hypermedia of
integration between certain courses and effectiveness in achievement development and trends among
primary school students.”
The secondary questions emerged from the primary question:
1. What are the standard levels to build a model based on the
hypermedia of the integrated school courses?
2. What is the image of the proposed model based on hypermedia of integration between the
integrated school courses in the light of the previous list of standard levels?
3. What is the effectiveness of this model in the development of
cognitive achievement among students?
4. What is the effectiveness of this model in the development of students’ attitudes to learn about
the proposed model?
Research objectives: -
The objective of the present research is to: -
1. Identify a list of standard levels to build a model based on the hypermedia of the integrated
courses.
2. Build a proposed model based on hypermedia of integration between
certain courses in the light of the previous list of standard levels.
3. Detect the effectiveness of the proposed model in the development of
cognitive achievement among students.
4. Find a measure of their attitudes toward learning the proposed
model.
The importance of research: -
The results of this research are expected to contribute as follows: -
1. The optimum use of the hypermeida software in the design of
educational software of various educational stages.
2. Help curriculum planners of what should be the complementary
relationship between courses.
3. The current research may contribute to open the fieled before other research and studies
concerned with the application of integration between the academic courses in particular.
4. The current research seeks to use the approach of modern technology in the design and provision
of academic courses.
5. The present reseach may contribute in the transfer of the educational process from the
stagnation and theory to application and flexibility concerning the use of integration between
academic studies.
Limitations of Research: -
The current research was limited to the following limits: -
- Human limitations.
Primary Fourth Grade from the first cycle of basic education.
- Thematic limitations.
Three units of the courses of the Arabic language, social studies, and mathematics.
- Time limits
The research experiment has been applied during the academic year
2014 – 2015
- Spatial limitations
Taha Hussein Elementary School at Nozha El Gadida, as its
computers are of high specifications suitable for the use of hypermedia software.
Research hypotheses: -
1. There is a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.01)
between the mean scores of members of the research group before
using the hypermedia software presenting integrated courses and
after using them in the achievement test for post-application.
2. There is a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.01)
between the hypermedia software presenting integrated courses and after using them in measuring
attitudes for post-application.
The research sample: -
The research sample consisted of 45 pupils from the school pupils
to apply the model to them.
Research Methodology: -
Current search relied on the following two approaches: -
1. Descriptive Method: which describes what exists and its
interpretation. This method has been used to describe and analyze previous research and studies.
2. Quasi Experimental Method: This method was used to know the impact of independent variable of
the research on the dependent variable, and measure the impact of its use.
Research variables: -
Current research relied on the following variables:
1. Independent Variable:
The proposed model prepared by the present research.
2. Dependent Variable:
The achievement of the students, and their attitudes towards learning using the proposed model.
Material of experimental treatment: -
Current reseach relied on one material of experimental treatment, namely:
The proposed model for the integrated school courses consist of a set of
subjects derived from units of these courses provided through hypermedia software (prepared by the
researcher).
Research Tools: -
Present research relied on more than one tool as follows:
1. List of the standard levels that must be met in building a model that
combines the integration of courses and submit it in the form of software that depend on hypermedia
technology (prepared by the researcher).
2. Achievement test on the proposed model (prepared by the
researcher).
3. Measure of the attitudes of pupils towards learning this model
(prepared by the researcher).
Experimental Design of the Research: -
The research used the following experimental design:
It is the ”one group” with a test (prior - post), because the proposed unit
within the model has a new content and is not currently taught in schools, the group has studied
the content of the proposed unit, and a comparison was made between the prior and post tests, to
determine the difference between them.
Statistical treatment used in the research: -
The researcher used the following statistical methods:
1. ”T” Test (t-test) to calculate the arithmetic mean and standard
deviation, and the value of ”T” to the mean scores of members of the
research group in the pre and post application to achievement test and measure the trends.
2. Spearman correlation coefficient.
Reearch procedures: -
The researcher followed the following procedural steps:
First: To answer the first research question, the following steps was followed: -
Determine the standard levels in the light of which a model based on the integration of the courses
of the primary stage using hypermedia
software.
Through the study of: -
1. The nature of these courses.
2. Recent trends in the organization of the courses.
3. characteristics of growth of Primary school pupils and their needs
and problems.
4. The current requirements of society.
5. Integration and its nature, concept, objectives and inputs.
6. Analysis of the content of courses for primary fourth grade.
7. The nature and the advantages of using hypermedia software.
Second: To answer the second research question, the next step were followed: -
Building proposed model includes the following: -
1. Determine the educational model used in the design of building the
proposed model.
2. Determine the objectives of the proposed model.
3. Determine the content of the proposed model.
4. Implementation of the proposed model in light of the list of standard
levels, using hypermedia software.
5. Identify means and educational activities that can be followed by
hypermedia software.
6. Identify evaluation methods.
Third: To answer the third and fourth research questions, the next step was followed: -
Preparation of research tools, and presenting them to the group of
experts, and their application. The said process includes the following:
1. Prepare test achievement to measure cognitive aspect of the students to the content of the
proposed model (questions test the extent of the familiarity of pupils of concepts, facts and
skills in courses that have been selected) in its initial image.
2. Prepare students measure of trends toward learning using the model
proposed in its initial image.
3. Application of the proposed model for a diagnostic check of the
extent of its relevance to the application and make adjustments that emerge from this first
application.
4. Apply the tools on exploratory sample of pupils to calculate the
validity and reliability, and put it in its final form.
5. Find a sample of reseach which consists of one experimental group
of fourth grade students.
6. Apply achievement test, and measure trends on the research sample
priorly.
7. Teaching the proposed model to the research sample.
8. Application of achievement test on research sample post the
application.
9. Application of the measure of trends on the research sample post the application.
10. View the results and analyze and process them statistically and interpret and discuss them.
11. provide recommendations and proposed research in the light of the outcome of the results.
Summary of search results:
The existence of a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.01) between the mean
scores of members of the research group before and after using the software presenting integrated
courses in the achievement test for post-application.
the impact of the proposed software model on the development of
cognitive achievement related to the content of the integrated school courses, and offered through
hypermedia software for post-application as the value of ”T” calculated is (16.903) when comparing
the two pre and post applications, a statistically significant value at the level of significance
(0.01) .
The existence of a statistically significant difference at the level of
(0.01) between the mean scores of the research sample
members before and after using hypermedia software that offer
integrated courses to measure the attitudes in favor of the post test.
The impact of the proposed software model to develop the tendency of students development
towards learning content of integrated courses displayed through the hypermedia software for
post-application as the value of ”T” calculated is (25.364) when comparing the two pre and post
applications, a statistically significant value at the level of significance (0.01 ).
Research Recommendations:
The researcher recommended through the results of the study, analysis of previous studies and
theoretical framework as follows:
1. Interest in efficiency of learner and activity in the classroom, and
positivity in the interaction with educational experiences.
2. Interest in providing immediate feedback in all software based on hypermedia software to support
responses of learners and know the strengths and weaknesses.
3. The need to improve the traditional ways of learning which depend on
the recitation, remembering and retrieval and use of new and
innovative teaching methods that contribute to the improvement of the learning process.
4. Apply the use of a list of standard levels to build a model based on
hypermedia of integrated high school courses.
5. Interest in using the software in all educational fields.
6. Permanent development of the list of standard levels in line with the software set out in
research.
7. Ministry of Education must adopt development of software tools, especially those which display
the integrated courses because of their effective impact on the progress of the educational
process.
8. A list of standard levels must be collected to build models based on hypermedia of integrated
courses in all stages of education.
9. Further research in this area.
The proposed research:
1. Search impediments to the use of hypermedia technology in the basic education system.
2. Make use of the proposed modelin the current research in the
design, production and development of high software tools used in schools.
3. Production of educational programs produced by high technology software in other courses, having
proved their effectiveness in the development of knowledge collection of primary school pupils.
4. Conduct studies to evaluate presentations of hypermedia of existing public schools, and the
diagnosis of the strengths and weaknesses according to the standards of evaluation of the
hypermedia presentations.
5. Study the effectiveness of using hypermedia in achieving the goals of
some courses, such as science and mathematics, social studies and languages.