الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of studyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 154 |  |  |
| | | from | 154 | | |
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical and
antimicrobial activity of the leaf of extracts of mangroves Avicennia marina and their seeds, stems, and flowers, and Rhizophora mucrunata
Leaf extracts and Seagrasses in relation to the abiotic and biotic components of its natural environment. Despite the importance of this
Plants, no comprehensive phytochemical or antimicrobial study could be
located in literature. Therefore, in this report, we focused on the toxicity
of the mangroves and seagrasses of some of the bioactive chemical constituents of these plants either mangroves or seagrasses in Red Sea shore and consequently the evaluation of their antimicrobial activity.
Samples from foliage plant leaves from monospecific A. marina stands, Rhizophora mucrunata and Seagrasses along the Red Sea Coastline and
Gulf of Aqaba in Egypt.Leaf samples were air dried at room temperature and in oven at 45ºC to constant moisture content, then pulverized. The powdered plant samples were extracted successively with different solvents (N-hexane, chloroform, ethyle acetate and methanol). The solvent extracts of all plant samples were screened for their antimicrobial activities against different bacterial groups. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and fungal activities Candida albicans.
The obtained results of the crude extracts of N-hexane, chloroform and methanol gave very weak antimicrobial activity against all tested bacteria compared to other extracts, while the ethyle acetate crude extracts of all plant samples showed differential degree of antimicrobial activity agasinst the tested bacteria. No antifungal activity was reported for any of the solvent extracts against the tested fungi.
Concerning the impact of the natural environment on the extend of the bioactivity of A.marina, Rhizophora mucrunata leaves extracts and required for compilation and dissemination of knowledge in this field. Such information may be valuable for pharmaceutical industry for the discovery of new therapeutic agents.
In conclusion, the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of A.marina leaves have demonstrated a broad spectrum antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria. Ethyl acetate showed the strongest antibacterial activity compared to the methanol extract. Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis showed the existence of various compounds with variable chemical structures.