الفهرس 
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Abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Acute Respiratory Infections are among the leading causes of death in children under 5 years. It is reported that, 62% of all deaths are attributable to ARI. One third of the antibiotics are used today against the respiratory tract infections. In the recent years it is revealed that most of ARIs are viral based, further it is reported that antibiotics did not affect the duration, symptoms or intensity of the illness and they did not avoid the development of any secondary infections. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of primary health care physicians in Ismailia governorate regarding rational use of antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections in children.
- AIM OF THE WORK: to rationalize the use of antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections in children in Ismailia governorate.
- SUBJECTS AND METHODS: It is a cross sectional descriptive study. Our target population included all primary health care physicians working in primary health care centers and units affiliated to Ministry of Health in Ismailia governorate. A questionnaire developed by the researcher and revised by the supervisors was introduced to the study population. A pilot study was done and needed modifications to the questionnaire were made. The evaluation format was of three groups of questions to collect data for evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice. Sixteen MCQs were used to evaluate knowledge and attitude, and four written patient problems were used to evaluate practice. SPSS program was used for data entry and statistical analysis.
- RESULTS: It was found that (69.4%) of the participants had satisfactory knowledge level and (77.1%) of the participants had favorable attitude. While as regards to practice assessment according to INRUD-WHO criteria for prescribing, it was found that nearly about three quarters of participants (74.7%) prescribed antibiotics, only (15.6%) of participants treated their patients according to the IMCI protocols, only about one quarter (28.5%) prescribed injections, more than three quarters of participants (77.1%) prescribed 0 – 2 drugs per case, and more than one third of participants (37.2%) prescribed 100% drugs in their generic forms.