الفهرس 
Some TerminologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 115 |  |  |
| | | from | 115 | | |
Abstract
For centuries, scientists have known that certain animals are known to regenerate missing parts of their bodies. Human bodies are constantly regenerating blood, skin, and other tissues share this with animals like the starfish and the newt. Early studies of human development had demonstrated that the cells of the embryo were capable of producing every cell type in our bodies. Scientists were able to extract embryonic stem cells from mice in the 1980s, but it wasn’t until 1998 that a team of scientists from the University of Wisconsin–Madison became the first group to isolate human embryonic stem cells and keep them alive in the laboratory. The team knew that they had in fact isolated stem cells because the cells could remain unspecialized for long periods of time, yet maintained the ability to transform into a variety of specialized cell types [1]. Stem cells are one of the most fascinating areas of biology today. Research on stem cells is advancing knowledge about how an organism develops from a single cell and how healthy cells replace damaged cells in adult organisms. This promising area of science is also leading scientists to investigate the possibility of cell-based therapies to treat disease, which is often referred to as regenerative or reparative medicine [2].Therefore, an urgent current need in regenerative medicine is that of identifying a plentiful.