الفهرس 
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Abstract
One hundred and three samples were collected from critical area of two
hospitals, a University hospital in Ismailia and a private-sector hospital in Cairo. Nutritional media were used for count bacteria and fungi and two different media for actinomycetes recovery. The low nutrient content media, 1/10 starch casein was significantly effective in the recovery of actinomycetes. The counts of actinomycetes were very low when compared to fungal and bacterial. Twenty four morphologically different actinomycetes isolates were recovered and assigned based on morphological and chemotaxonomic criteria. All isolates were screened for antibiotic resistance and toxicity. The most potent isolate of high in vitro pathogenicity effect was confirmed as Nocardiopsis dassonvillei, based on 16Sr DNA sequencing. To evaluate its pathogenicity were injected into male albino rats. There were increase in total white blood cells, lymphocyte cells, neutrophil cells and platelets. On the other hand there were decreases in hemoglobin concentration, body weight and liver enzymes of infected group when compared with control group. Histopathological change were observed in both liver and lung. The most affected organ was the liver, which showedhydropic degeneration, Karyorrhexis and apoptosis which investigated with caspase-3 antibodies.